Study On Total Factor Productivity Of Animal Husbandry Environment In China

Countries that have undergone economic development have also experienced great changes in dietary patterns.The consumption of livestock and poultry has been increasing yearly,and the scale of breeding is consequently expanding.This rapid growth in the livestock and poultry breeding industry has resulted in serious environmental pollution,because animal waste in certain areas cannot be treated and used in a reasonable and environmentally friendly manner.Pollution from livestock and poultry breeding operations seriously threatens the normal trade of agricultural products,regional ecological security,and sustainable development.Historically,animal husbandry has ignored environmental problems and overemphasized the value of production,which has caused economic and social problems for the government and residents.Because of environmental problems and resource scarcity,animal husbandry cannot rely on unlimited expansion of production output.Instead,the main emphasis should be on improving environmental total factor productivity.The existing researches do not consider spatial correlation,and generally assume that all decision making units are in the same production frontier,and the total factor productivity obtained from this is deviated from the real situation.This study based on the resource and environmental economics,agricultural sustainable development theory,the new spatial economics theory and the production efficiency measure theory,the use of SBM directional distance function and Metafrontier Malmquist productivity index analysis method,based on the analysis of animal husbandry production sewage coefficient,total factor productivity and environment factors,on the basis of the various parts of China,2001-2017 years of farming environment calculates the total factor productivity,and construct the spatial econometric model,analyzed the main factors influencing the animal husbandry environmental total factor productivity,In order to promote the rapid development of animal husbandry under the premise of sustainable development.The research conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)From 2001 to 2017,the average pollution intensity index of livestock and poultry breeding in China showed a straight upward trend.From 2001 to 2017,the average pollution intensity index of livestock and poultry breeding in China was 0.73,indicating that the pollution emitted by animal husbandry far exceeds the environmental absorption capacity.In 2001,the average pollution intensity index of livestock and poultry breeding was the smallest,0.55.In 2017,the average pollution intensity index of livestock and poultry breeding was the highest,0.85.It can be seen that although the rapid development of animal husbandry overload has met the dietary needs of human beings,it has also caused an inestimable impact on the environment.(2)The average value of animal husbandry ETFP was slightly higher than that of TFP,which tentatively verified the Porter Hypothesis that environmental regulations promote technological progress.The growth of both ETFP and TFP of animal husbandry was driven by technological progress.The major impacts on environmental technology efficiency are expected output,fixed asset investment,technological progress input,labor input and non-expected output.From the perspective of production process,the redundancy rate of fixed assets investment is the highest among the input variables,whichindicates that the fixed assets investment is too high in the current livestock production process,and the fixed assets investment should be controlled.(3)Whether based on meta-or group frontiers,the average1 values of ETFP and technological progress index of the six major regions were N1.In general,animal husbandry in China was developing sustainably,and there was little scope for group technology to catch up.Generally speaking,China’s animal husbandry has a high level of development and a small gap with the common frontier technology.The group’s frontier technology moves slowly and has little space for technological catch-up.(4)Increasing the per capita income of farmers contributed to the improvement of animal husbandry ETFP.However,growth in animal husbandry ETFP was inhibited by the area of grassland,feed resource potential,and scale.Improving the state of human capital did not significantly improve animal husbandry ETFP,whereas environmental governance measures did.Therefore,the comprehensive utilization of various measures according to local conditions is necessary to improve animal husbandry ETFP in China.Environmental regulation should therefore aim to continuously exert the Porter effect.According to the research conclusion,it is suggested to guide the animal husbandry market to take the road of sustainable development from the following aspects: encouraging the innovation of production technology,promoting the transformation of green technology,attaching importance to the cultivation of animal husbandry talents,constructing the animal husbandry think tank system,strengthening the monitoring of animal husbandry pollution sources,and improving the local environmental law system.