Analysis Of Environmental Economics On The Pollution From Livestock And Poultry Breeding

Pollution caused by livestock and poultry breeding has been one of the leading sources of environmental pollution in rural areas of China. It engenders direct or indirect negative effects to water, atmosphere, soil, human health and ecosystems. Miyun Reservoir is an important source of drinking water to the capital. Pollution from livestock and poultry breeding in Miyun County has become a threat to the water quality of Miyun Reservoir.The purpose of thesis is to analyze the characteristics of pollution on the basis of investigation on livestock and poultry breeding in Miyun; and to make an analysis on externality with theories of environmental economics to identify its economic reasons. Then environmental economic measures, technical means, policy instruments will be put forward in order to provide gist for layout and distribution of breeding, scale adjustment and the choice of processing technology and pattern.Base on an investigation in Miyun in 2004, including history and current situation of livestock and poultry breeding in 18 villages and towns, the impacts of animal manure to environment were estimated: Its ammonia evaporated into air is 11649.6 tons, feces production is 188613.9 tons, loss amount is 33007.44 tons, waste water is 290174 tons and loss amount is 145087 tons; In most villages and towns, manure load to agricultural land is beyond its environment carrying capacity.Environmental economic analysis indicated that market failures and government failures lead to the externality of livestock and poultry breeding. Government revenue, property right limit, government control can be used to solve the problem. Take subsidy and property right limit as an example to internalize externality. The comparison between Pigou means and Coase means is good to establish a new policy. Making reference to all the technology and patterns conducted in China and abroad, take an example of Jishun stock farm, Cost-benefit theory was used to estimate the economic and environmental benefit of anaerobic treatment ecological engineering...