Study On Hog Breeding Efficiency In China Under Environmental Constraints

Following the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” and “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” mandatory energy saving and emission reduction,and the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” continued to exert pressure on environmental protection,incentives and punishment policies for energy reuse,industry-related development planning,and environmental regulations such as "Ten for Atmospheres","Ten for Waters",and "Ten for Soils" have been introduced.A series of environmental protection "Combination Punches" demonstrates the determination to defend " Clear waters and green mountains are as good as mountains of gold and silver".The chemical oxygen demand of agricultural source water pollutants accounts for half of the total pollutant emissions,and livestock and poultry farming pollution is the main source of agricultural source pollution.The negative externalities brought about by Hog farming are most typical.Hog farming faces a transition from traditional farming with "Factor Input + Weak Environmental Awareness" to "Full Factor Productivity Improvement + Environmentally Friendly".The double-edged sword of environmental constraints,while triggering the "Follow Cost" effect,also forced China's Hog breeding to reshuffle in terms of benefits,scale,efficiency and environmental control.Therefore,how to effectively measure the total factor efficiency of the environment? How to balance the relationship between "Environmental Protection,Profitability and Efficiency" ? It is the basis for accurately assessing the "Gold Content,New Content,Green Content" of live Hogs,and it also saves financial funds for the country to support the healthy development of Hogs breeding and provides decision-making reference.This study is supported by basic data of a large number of macro and micro data of the development of the Hog industry and basic technical and economic parameters of production and discharge,by sorting out the development context and summarizing environmental protection policies;comparing the current status of breeding costs,economic benefits,production and discharge,and resource utilization;exploring changes in indicators such as total factor productivity of the Hog environment;exploring factors such as environmental constraints,economic growth,increase and decrease in efficiency,and efficiency fluctuation The mechanism of interaction between the two parties will verify the existence of the "Porter Hypothesis" and answer the question of whether the "Environmental Constraints" and "Performance & Environment" of Chinese Hogs are a win-win situation;and propose countermeasures.First of all,according to the inherent characteristics of Hog development,divide it into "Four Major Development Stages",summarize the "Three Major" issues,and compare the cost,benefit and resource utilization level of Hog breeding in "Four Major Regions" and "Four Scales";Secondly,the SFA-Malmquist method was used to calculate the total factor productivity of Chinese Hogs considering environmental factors,and the statistics of Cu and Zn pollutants were added on the basis of traditional manure discharge,and standardized treatment was carried out according to national emission standards to increase the utilization of manure resources.The calculation of the efficiency index compares the output elasticity of Hogs,resource utilization efficiency,technological efficiency,technological progress and changes in total factor productivity from multiple perspectives;Third,using the "Porter Model" and related tests,systematically sort out the mechanism of interaction between the "Quadrilateral" quaternary elements of the "Porter Hypothesis",verify the existence of the "Porter Hypothesis" in the field of Chinese Hog industry,and answer How environmental constraints affect efficiency fluctuations,promote economic growth,and achieve a win-win situation of "Environmental Constraints" and "Performance & Environment".Finally draw conclusions and countermeasures and suggestions.Research shows:(1)In the context,it can be divided into four development stages: "Twisting","Turning","Growth" and "Constraint";policy,there are "Three Major" problems of "Accuracy,Continuity and Safety";(2)In terms of efficiency,it is urgent to deal with the problems of declining breeding efficiency,solving economic and price contradictions,and disintegrating the causes of high costs;for environmental protection,focus on analyzing the differences in resource utilization levels between regions and scales,retail and medium Significant advantages;(3)China's Hog industry is still a "Capital Investment" industry,with limited labor input contribution,with "Economic + Environment" dual rigid demand;economically,the overall growth rate of environmental factor productivity slows down and belongs to "Technical Efficiency Induction + Technology" "Innovation-Driven" growth model;environmentally,it belongs to the development model of "Utilization of Manure Resource Utilization Efficiency Induction + Technical Efficiency Promotion";(4)The win-win situation of "Environmental Constraints" and "Environment & Performance" in Hog farming can be achieved,and the "Porter Hypothesis" has basically been verified in the field of Hogs;suitable environmental investment not only promotes the "quality improvement and efficiency" of Hog farming "Performance & Innovation" and offsetting the negative externalities caused by environmental pollution are of great significance to sustainable development.At the end of the study,according to the empirical situation of Hog farming in different scales and developing regions,from the perspective of laws and regulations,data collection,system establishment and policy guidance,it puts forward different policy recommendations that take into account the economic growth of China's Hog farming and the efficient use of resources.