| The promotion of woody edible oil industry in karst rocky desertification control according to local conditions can not only achieve the restoration and reconstruction of karst ecosystem and regional poverty alleviation and development,and achieve good effects of rocky desertification control,but also optimize the distribution of grain and oil production in China and ensure national grain and oil security.The promotion of woody edible oil industry in karst rocky desertification control according to local conditions is of great significance and value.Based on karst ecological construction and regional economy,and in order to promote the optimization and adjustment of rural industrial structure in karst rocky desertification mountainous areas,this paper take the developing of characteristic woody edible oil industry to control rocky desertification as a starting point and a foothold.The main contents of this study are the development of woody edible oil industry,the comprehensive evaluation and screening of woody edible oil tree species,and the oil extraction process of typical oil tree species for rocky desertification control.The purpose of this study is to provide theoretical and technical support for the construction of woody edible oil industry as the main line of karst rocky desertification control,and helping karst rocky desertification areas to eliminate poverty in ecology and economy.The main results are as follows:(1)Through in-depth analysis of the strength(S),weakness(W),opportunities(O)and threat(T)of the internal and external environment of woody edible oil industry in karst rocky desertification control,combined with the current development of woody edible oil industry,this paper holds that it is considered that the advantages of karst mountain resources and abundant oil resources should be fully utilized,and seize the national policy conditions and opportunities provided by the oil market,rely on major ecological engineering projects in rocky desertification mountain areas,and promote the further development of woody edible oil industry.At the same time,this paper puts forward four industrial development strategy: strengthening policy coordination,expanding financing channels and increasing support to the main bodies of industry;strengthening basic work of resource protection,excavation and cultivation,seeking diversified development;improving industrialization level,consolidating the achievements of rocky desertification control;focusing on ecological management and basing on karst rocky desertification control.(2)Based on a large amount of references and materials,the author made a preliminary selection of woody edible oil plant resources with industrial development potential in rocky desertification control.By establishing a comprehensive evaluation index system of woody edible oil tree species based on different intensity rocky desertification control,the woody edible oil tree species that can be industrialized and developed were further screened.Finally,it is concluded that Paeonia suffruticosa,Torreya grandis,Luglans regia,Plukenetia volubilis,Moringa oleifera,Carya cathayensis,Idesia polycarpa,Zanthoxylum bungeanum and Akebia trifoliate can be given priority in controlling mild rocky desertification.In moderate and intensive rocky desertification control,five kinds of woody edible oil tree species can be given priority: Rhus chinensis,Zanthoxylum bungeanum,Torreya grandis,Akebia trifoliata and Luglans regia.(3)Solvent method was used to extract the oil of Rhizoma Salviae.On the basis of single factor experiment,the optimum extraction conditions of Rhizoma Salviae were obtained by orthogonal experiment design: petroleum ether as extraction solvent,and material passing 40 mesh screen,extraction time 2h,extraction temperature 55 ℃,liquid-material ratio 30:1(mL/g),under this condition,the oil yield of Rhizoma Salviae was 8.336%.There are 11 fatty acids in the oil,of which the relative content of linoleic acid is 72.54%,and the total unsaturated fatty acid is 87.14%.(4)Extraction of Acanthopanax senticosus oil by solvent method.On the basis of single factor experiment and response surface optimization,the optimum extraction conditions of Acanthopanax senticosus oil were obtained as follows: the Acanthopanax senticosus powder was sifted through 100 meshes,petroleum ether was used as extraction solvent,the extraction temperature was 45 ℃,the ratio of liquid to material was 30:1,and the extraction time was 3 h.Under these conditions,the oil yield of Acanthopanax senticosus was 42.13%.The refractive index was 1.4716,the relative density was 0.9314,the iodine value was 50.23 g/100 g,the saponification value was 160.96 mgKOH/g,the acid value was 0.38 mgKOH/g and the peroxide value was 2.71 mmol/kg.The total content of 11 fatty acids in the fruit was 39.91% oleic acid and 37.41% linoleic acid.The relative content of total unsaturated fatty acids was more than 79%.(5)The oil of August melon seeds was extracted by water-solvent method.The optimum extraction conditions of August melon seeds oil by water-solvent method were obtained through single factor experiment and response surface analysis: the extraction rate of August melon seed oil could reach 68.85% under the conditions of August melon seed powder sieving through 40 meshes,natural water is used as extraction solvent,the ratio of liquid to material is 5:1,the extraction temperature is 65 ℃ and the extraction time is 1.2h.The relative density,refractive index,iodine value,saponification value,acid value and peroxide value of August melon seed oil obtained by different extraction methods were 0.9307-0.9346,1.4624-1.4628,71.22-74.34 g/100 g,196.35-212.87 mgKOH/g,1.33-8.83 mgKOH/g and 4.25-6.39 mmol/kg,respectively.There are 9 kinds of fatty acids in melon seed oil.The relative contents of fatty acids are 42.7-43.19% oleic acid,29.28-29.46% linoleic acid and 23.12-23.3% palmitic acid.The relative contents of total unsaturated fatty acids are more than 72.8-73.07%. |
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