The Evolution Of Landscape Pattern And Ecosystem Services Of Xixian New Area

During the rapid urbanization construction,landscape pattern has changed dramatically,and problems such as the decline of environmental carrying capacity,the deterioration of ecological environment,and the increasingly prominent contradiction between population and resources have emerged.How to achieve sustainable urbanization is a hot issue of current national and social concern.As a national new district with the theme of innovating urban development mode,Xixian New Area is an important exploration for building a new type of urbanization with Chinese characteristics and how to achieve sustainable urbanization.As a typical area of rapid urbanization,the landscape pattern of Xixian New Area has changed after nearly ten years of construction and development,but how the degree of change and the impact on the regional ecosystem are issues that the government and people of Xixian New Area urgently need to know.Taking Xixian New Area as an example,this paper used the landscape pattern index method and the ecosystem service value equivalent factor method to study the landscape pattern and the ecosystem service value(ESV)of Xixian New Area in 2009-2017 based on the landscape ecology,GS?GPS and RS technology.The changes of landscape pattern and ecosystem service value in the rapid new urbanization construction of Xixian New Area were analyzed.Based on the above,the suggestions and countermeasures for the sustainable development of Xixian New Area were put forward.The main conclusions are as follows:1.Overall composition change of landscape patch type:the composition of landscape patches in Xixian New Area has greatly changed.Construction land increased by 8.34%,forestland increased by 6.60%.grassland also increased.Cultivated land and water area were all reduced,and cultivated land reduced by 16.12% and is still the dominant landscape patch type of the region,which was the most obvious landscape type.The unused land increased first and then decreased,showing an overall increase trend.2.Landscape patch transformation status: cultivated land was transformed into construction land and forest land,which leads to the decrease of its area year by year and the increase of construction land and forest land.3.Individual dynamic changes of landscape patches:In the process of urbanization construction,cultivated land was occupied,divided,the degree of fragmentation was increasing,and the degree of dominance was gradually decreasing;the fragmentation degree of forest land was increased,and the dominance was rising;The patch density(PD)of construction land continued to decrease,and the landscape shape index(LSI)generally showed a downward trend.The largest patch index(LPI)continued to increase,indicating that the fragmentation degree of construction land decreased,and it began to tend to be large,centralized,small patches integrated into large patches and the dominance was increasing;Although other landscape plate types also showed some changes,they were relatively stable compared with the above types.4.Landscape spatial configuration changes: The Contagion Index and the Aggregation Index gradually decreased,The overall agglomeration degree and degree of polymerization of Xixian New Area continued to decrease,the degree of fragmentation continued to rise,and connectivity decreased.5.Landscape heterogeneity changes: the Shannon Diversity Index continued to increase.the proportion difference of each landscape patch type in the landscape of Xixian New Area was decreasing,and the overall development was toward homogeneity,and the regional landscape pattern turned from single landscape patch control to multiple landscape patches joint control.6.Changes of ecosystem service value:The total ecosystem services value in Xixian New Area continued to rise,from 1,161.8 million yuan to 1,248.2 billion yuan,an increase of 7.48%.Forest land and waters are the main components of ecosystem services in Xixian New Area,which accounting for 74.98% to 83.12% of the total ecosystem service value.From 2009 to 2017,the regulating service value of Xixian New Area was the largest,while the cultural service value was the least;Provision service,Support service and Cultural service were all increased to varying degrees,and Supply service was declining;Aesthetic landscape and Maintain nutrient cycling were relatively low;Food production,Raw material and Maintain nutrient cycling showed a declining trend,while the value of other service types showed an increasing trend.7.Changes of sensitivity index of ecosystem services value:the sensitivity index of each type of ecosystem service value in Xixian New Area is less than 1,indicating that the ecosystem service value is inelastic to the value coefficient,and the value coefficient has high accuracy,and the estimation of ecosystem service value is relatively accurate.8.Suggestions for sustainable development of Xixian New Area:1.Optimize land use methods: strengthen the protection of cultivated land,reduce the conversion between cultivated land and other land use;further improve the intensification and utilization rate of construction land;strengthen the protection and treatment of various types of land in Xixian New Area.2.Improve the planning and management of ecological environment construction in Xixian New Area: ecological network pattern planning in Xixian New Area;establish an ecological security early warning system.