| Over-training or frequent repetitive impacts in tennis easily lead to acute and chronic injury of the upper extremity muscles and joints,so study on tennis protective clothing research should be strengthened to reduce tennis injury.However,there are few studies expounded the influence of protective products on joints and muscle activities,and systematic research on sports protection products is lacking,which limited people’s understanding of its internal mechanism.More and more enterprises have begun to design protective equipment considering comfort,protection and other aspects,but there is no complete evaluation system to guide product development or evaluation their protective function.The study focused on tennis and constructed a complete research system,including the mechanism analysis of tennis upper limb injury,protection theory,evaluation indicators determination,effect of clothing on human muscle-joint system and tennis protective clothing development.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Research on tennis injury mechanism and protection theoryBased on biomechanics,this study analyzed and summarized the characteristics of tennis,tennis injury mechanism and protection theory of muscles and joints.Through the theories above and relevant research conclusions,the evaluation indications system of tennis muscle muscular joints was established.(2)Analysis of upper limb muscle load in tennis and protection evaluation indicationsThis part tested the most vulnerable muscle groups of upper limb and screened out muscles protection evaluation indications,which included three experimental tests:The first experiment analyzed the relationship between tennis impact load and upper limb muscles activity,muscle force load,then finding out the most vulnerable muscles;The second experiment tested related parameters and mechanical properties of clothing materials in order to establish linkage with the protection indicators;In the third part,the main influencing factors on the evaluation indications were determined through tennis protective gear experiment,and the most relevant indications were screened out as the muscle protection indications.(3)The optimum clothing-pressure range analysis of tennis protective clothingThis part concluded the most optimum clothing-pressure range through protection evaluation by combing protection indicators of muscle and joint,including two parts of experimental tests:The first part analyzed the effect of different skintight clothing on muscles activity of upper limbs through EMG analysis,and evaluated the protection effect of different clothing-pressure on muscles by muscle protection indications.In the second part,the motion capture system was used to test the changes of the kinematics parameters of the shoulder and elbow joints when wearing different tights,then this part evaluated the protection effect of different clothing-pressure on muscles by joints protection indications.(4)Functional tennis protective clothing development and evaluationBased on the most suitable pressure,four tennis clothing were developed by changing the sleeve structure,and the effectiveness of four tennis clothing protection was evaluated through the same experimental method.Then this part further explored the influence of sleeve structure on muscles and joints protection in order to determine the best style of tennis protective clothing.These conclusions provided theoretical guidance for the development of tennis protective clothing.This paper summarized the tennis injury mechanism and protection theory,designed several experiments and data processing based on sports biomechanics,analyzed the effect of additional influencing factors on muscles and joints,and combined evaluation indications to evaluate protective performance of tennis clothing.This research provided a method reference and theoretical support for strengthening the development of personalized sports protection products. |
