Spatial And Temporal Differentiation Of Ecosystem Service Value And Its Influencing Factors In Urumqi County

The relationship between human and ecological environment is an interaction,interaction and interdependence.In recent years,with the rapid development of society,the relationship between human activities and ecological environment has become increasingly close,and the contradiction between population,resources and environment has been aggravated,which seriously threatens the coordinated development of social economy and ecological environment.The disharmony between economy and ecological environment under resource constraints and ecological fragility is the bottleneck of ecological and economic development in arid areas.Correct understanding and evaluation of the ecological environment status and evolution law in arid areas will help policy makers take positive measures to better realize the sustainable development of regional ecological environment and economic development.This paper takes Urumqi County as the research target.Firstly,three periods of land use data are obtained by interpreting Landsat remote sensing images in 2000,2008 and 2015.From two dimensions of time and space change,the characteristics and regularities of land use dynamic change in the study area are analyzed.Secondly,the equivalent factor table of service value of terrestrial ecosystem in China is used to obey the ecosystem of Urumqi County.This paper evaluates the value of ecosystem services in Urumqi County,and revises the evaluation results through vegetation coverage,and explores the spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics and dynamic changes of ecosystem services value in Urumqi County from 2000 to 2015.Finally,based on this,natural and socio-economic factors are selected,and the impact degree and difference are analyzed by principal component analysis and geographically weighted regression model.The coupling development of ecology and economy in Qixian County provides scientific basis.The conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)During the 2000-2015,the overall change of woodland,cultivated land and construction land in Urumqi County increased,while the water area,grassland and other land use decreased.The total land use type transfer was 1667 km~2.The main land transfer type was grassland,with an area of 1248 km~2,and the main land transfer type was construction land,with an area of 114 km~2.The focus of all kinds of land also shifted in different degrees in the past 15 years.Overall,from 2000 to 2015,forests moved 3.03 km to the Northeast(NE),grasslands and cultivated land moved0.76 km and 3.91 km to the southwest(SW),while waters and construction land moved 2.14 km and 5.08 km to the Southeast(SE)and northwest(NW),respectively.(2)During 2000-2015,the value of ecosystem services in Urumqi County increased by 0.03%compared with 2000,and the change range was relatively small.The value of ecosystem services decreased by 0.5 108 yuan in the pre-study period(2000-2008),but increased by 0.52108 yuan in the late study period(2008-2015).The spatial pattern shows the distribution pattern of"the West is higher than the east,the middle is medium,and the south is lower";the change pattern mainly shows that the North decreases,the middle is basically stable,and the South rises;the spatial distribution of ecosystem service value shows a more significant positive spatial correlation,that is,the distribution pattern of bipolar agglomeration appears.(3)By constructing GWR model,the influence degree of terrain and meteorological factors on ecosystem service value in Urumqi County is analyzed.The results show that terrain and meteorological factors have a positive impact on ecosystem service value,but there are obvious differences in the impact degree,among which the influence of terrain is relatively strong.The results of principal component analysis show that the change of ESV and the per capita of socio-economic factors are relatively strong.The net income is negatively correlated with the number of tourist receivers,industrial wastewater and waste discharge.In summary,natural factors are the decisive factors in the spatial distribution of ecosystem service value,and socio-economic factors are the important factors affecting the change of ecosystem service value.