Study On The Relationship Between The United States And The European Community During The First Oil Crisis

The two world wars have made all the countries realized that the important role of oil in the national construction.The Middle East,which is the center of oil storage,has naturally attracted the attention of Western countries.These countries have long-term mediation around the struggle for oil resources.The outbreak of the Middle East war in the 1970s was the trigger for the differences between Europe and the United States,and the oil embargo caused the escalation of conflicts between them to eventually erupt.The two sides chose a completely different oil policy in accusing the other party.This paper attempts to examine the transformation of Europe and America relations during the first oil crisis from the perspective of crisis management of existing researches,and to explore the process of divergence and coordination within the Atlantic Alliance.This article is intended to be divided into three parts to research.The first part reviews the changes in the structure of international oil power from the end of World War II to the 1960s as the basis for understanding the oil situation in the United States and Europe.At this time,the relationship between Europe and the United States was largely based on cooperation.The United States used the policy of carrots and sticks.On the one hand,it provided assistance to Europe to help them recover after the war,in exchange for their support for the leadership.On the other hand,when there is a conflict between the interests of the two sides,the United States may adopt measures to restrain the allies to protect its own interests,such as cooperate with Soviet Union to against The United Kingdom and France in the Suez crisis.The second part is the main body of the article,including the second and third chapters of the article.The second chapter mainly analyzes the contradictions between the members of the Atlantic Alliance during the oil crisis.The 1970s was a period of major changes in international politics after World War II and a watershed in European and American relations.At this time,the dependence of the United States on oil has become more serious,and the growth of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries has had an impact on the US oil system.The European economy has developed greatly,and the British participation in the European Community has strengthened the latter’s strength.The United States wants to return to its leadership position and proposes the "European Year" plan to incorporate the European Community into the framework of the Atlantic Alliance.Europe’s response to this is not lukewarm.All of this has made the slightly loosening relationship between Europe and the United States worse.The war in the Middle East and the outbreak of the oil crisis have undoubtedly brought the contradictions between Europe and the United States to a peak.Europe and the United States have chosen completely different policies for their own interests.The third chapter mainly describes the coordination process between the members of the North Atlantic Alliance in the later stage of the oil crisis,analyzes the energy plan adopted by Europe and the United States under the impact of the oil crisis and the policy of treating the Middle East.Although the respective policies of the two sides are different,they all think that it is necessary to establish an international oil mechanism.There have been many consultations between the United States and Europe.Among them,France and the United States have some differences on issues such as leadership,but they have been resolved under coordination.Finally,the international oil institutions were born.This is the policy building of Western powers in response to oil-producing countries after World War II.The first official international oil agency,which played an important role in dealing with oil issues between member states and relations with oil-producing countries.The fourth chapter is the third part of the article.Firstly,it analyzes the characteristics of the Atlantic Alliance for crisis management.Then it answers when the contradiction between Europe and the United States reached its peak,why the alliance still did not dissolve.Focusing on the lessons learned from this crisis and how it will affect the Atlantic Alliance’s handling of other crisis.