Benefit Evaluation And Main Game Of Returning Farmland To Wetland In Heilongjiang Province

Wetland is an ecosystem with the highest biodiversity and the greatest ecological function in nature.Its status and role can't be underestimated,and enjoying the reputation of "natural reservoir" and "the kidney of the earth".With the global wetland area reduction and functional degradation increasing,wetland restoration and protection has become a hot spot of ecological development.Returning farmland to wetland is the most direct and fundamental method to restore the wetland area and strengthen the wetland function in China,especially in the context of human activities such as reclamation.At the same time,returning farmland to wetland is not only a requirement for the construction of ecological civilization,but also an era of people's demand for a beautiful environment.It is an urgent demand for the restoration,protection and development of wetlands.Based on the domestic and international background,this paper summarizes and analyzes the current status of wetland degradation,the status of wetland restoration and the status of wetland protection.It is concluded that both wetland area reduction and functional degradation have different degrees at home and abroad.Comparing the changes of wetland in China and Heilongjiang,it is mainly analyzed from three aspects.In the wetland type,the composition of the wetland types in China and Heilongjiang is basically unchanged,but the composition ratios are more obvious.Both of them showed a large decline in marsh wetlands and lake wetlands and an increase in constructed wetlands;on the scale of wetlands,the rate of decline of natural wetlands slowed down at the same time,but the area decreased greatly,and the cultivated land in Heilongjiang wetland was changed.The reduction of the area of the dominant form is more prominent;under the influence of the wetland function and the comprehensive influencing factors,the functional degradation is serious.Based on this,under the premise of the comparative study of the wetland changes,the Heilongjiang wetland has the research advantages,and it derives the dynamic changes of the Sanjiang wetland in Heilongjiang.It analyzes the characteristics of natural and socio-economic conditions,land use types and wetland dynamics are described,and the natural disturbance factors and human disturbance factors of wetland changes in this area.The result:reclamation is the main reason for the reduction of wetland area in the Sanjiang Plain.On this basis,this paper takes the policy of returning farmland to the wetland as the premise,and explores the effect of the Sanjiang Plain wetland protection under the policy from two aspects.The study found that the comprehensive evaluation of 20 representative wetland factors from the economic,social and ecological aspects of the Sanjiang Plain wetland by AHP-Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.It shows that the maximum membership degree of each benefit is 3,4,3.The maximum degree of subordination of comprehensive benefits is 3,which is in the period of potential development,indicating that the implementation of returning farmland to wetland is effective and in line with ecological benefits,driving economic and social benefits.Based on the degree of rationality of the game side in game theory,with the completeness of information as the breakpoint,based on the effectiveness trend of the policy of returning farmland to wetland,the strategies of returning farmland to wetland are selected from the two models of principal-agent and bargaining.Discuss and summarize the possibilities of cooperation from infinite repeated game analysis.It is concluded that the cooperation between farmers and the government is inevitable and effective no matter what mechanism is explored.Under the constraints of certain mechanisms,farmers and the government will eventually reach a cooperation to achieve a win-win situation.In summary,the policy of returning farmland to wetland is a powerful measure for increasing wetland area and function recovery.The results of the two methods provide a theoretical basis for the implementation of returning farmland to wetland.Finally,based on the above status and results,this paper discusses the necessity of the project of returning farmland to wetland in Sanjiang Plain,the advantages and disadvantages of the evaluation system and the main behavioral game method.And it gives corresponding feasible suggestions for the empirical analysis results of Sanjiang Plain.Some suggestions and references are provided for the restoration and development of wetlands in the region.