Evaluation Research Of Chinese Sand And Mineral Resources Policies

The utilization of sand and gravel minerals is the supporting force for national urbanization,infrastructure construction and economic development.According to the statistics of the Raw Materials Industry Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in 2019,the annual production of mechanical sand in China is as high as 20 billion tons,and China has become the largest producer and consumer of sandstone resources.As China’s economic development has shifted from high-speed to new normal high-quality development,urban infrastructure and fixed-asset investment have continued to increase,and demand for aggregates will continue to grow at a high level.However,due to the “one size fits all” shutdown policy of environmental protection supervision and limited production of sand and gravel,the supply of aggregates of sand and gravel is tight and the prices are rising.The development of sand and gravel industry is facing severe challenges.At the end of 2018,sand and gravel minerals were listed as national strategic emerging resources by the National Bureau of Statistics,which means that sand and gravel resources urgently need to form a comprehensive industrial development.This paper combs 32 national-level policies of sand-soil mines in China from 1980 to 2018 and 180 policies in 28 provinces.Through domestic and foreign literature research,the development and utilization of sand-rock minerals is clarified.The research results and improvement space of the policy,the sandstone soil minerals and their resource attributes are defined,and the research tone of the sandstone soil mineral management policy is defined from the perspective of industrial development.Firstly,the qualitative analysis method is used to analyze the characteristics of “time,organization,language and effectiveness” at the national level and local level policy.Secondly,155 national-level policy texts and 1165 provincial-level policy texts are compiled and coded.Using the policy tool research method to construct the XY two-dimensional analysis framework of “policy tools—policy role”,the X dimension includes three types of policy tools: supply,environment and demand;the Y dimension includes “ore mining,production and processing,consumption utilization,Five industrial links in recycling and waste disposal.The first is to analyze 155 policy tools of 32 national policies.The second is to divide the 1165 policy tools of 180 local policy documents into four areas: “East-Central-West-Northeast”,and space for policy tools.the study.Finally,an empirical analysis of the impact of the state space model on the policy tools of the 2001-2016 national policy is conducted.This paper finds that the current national level policy of sand and gravel minerals in China is absent,and the spatial layout of local provincial policies is unbalanced.China’s sand and gravel minerals policy is mainly based on compulsory environmental policy tools,supplemented by flexible guidance policies,but the policy effectiveness has weak effect on the sand and gravel industry;policy tools are concentrated in ore mining and consumption utilization,production The frequency of processing is not as good as expected.The number,effectiveness and effectiveness of policy instruments do not match.The frequency and effectiveness of environmental policy tools are inversely related.The supply-type and demand-based policy tools are less in quantity but more effective.