Effects Of Different Wood Vinegar Of Fungus Chaff On Two Kinds Of Calcareous Cinnamon Soils And Maize

This experiment used wood vinegar of fungus chaff from Pleurotus ostreatus,Hericium erinaceus and Ganoderma lucidum as experimental materials.Using pot experiment method,different kinds of bran wood vinegar with gradients of 1ml,2ml and 4ml were applied to study the effects of different treatments on two kinds of calcareous cinnamon soils.It includes physical and chemical properties of non-polluted soil and heavy copper and chromium polluted soil,growth status of maize,forms of heavy copper and chromium in soil of sewage irrigation area,and effects of Maize on transfer and enrichment of heavy copper and chromium.The results showed that:(1)At the maturity stage of maize,there were no significant differences in p H and EC values between the two soils under different treatments.Adding 4 m L wood vinegar of fungus chaff from ganoderma lucidumsolution could significantly increase the organic matter content of non-polluted soil during maize ripening period,which was 49.9% higher than the blank.The content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in both soils decreased in different degrees during the maturity of maize.Adding 2 m L wood vinegar of fungus chaff from pleurotus ostreatus to the soil of sewage irrigation area,the available potassium in the mature stage of maize soil was significantly increased by 43.1% than that in the blank.(2)In the non-polluted soil of farmland,the catalase activity of the soil treated with wood vinegar of fungus chaff from ganoderma lucidum and hericium erinaceus was significantly increased by13.3%~72.4% compared with the blank at the maize seedling stage.At maize ripening stage,the invertase activity in soil was significantly increased by 4 m L wood vinegar,with an average increase of 192.1%.In the polluted soil of sewage irrigation area,the application of 4 m L wood vinegar of fungus chaff from ganoderma lucidum bran at the mature stage of maize had the best effect on improving soil invertase activity,which was 67.0% higher than the blank.(3)In the soils of sewage irrigation area,the exchangeable copper content of maize under different treatments decreased significantly by 4.1%~22.9% compared with CK at maturity stage.The content of exchangeable copper decreased by 21.7% on average when treated with 2 m L ganoderma lucidum or hericium erinaceus chaff wood vinegar or 4 m L pleurotus ostreatus chaff wood vinegar.2 m L Ganoderma lucidum bran wood vinegar had the best effect on reducing exchangeable chromium content in polluted soil,which was 63.5% less than the blank.1 m L ganoderma lucidum chaff wood vinegar had the highest content of carbonate bound copper and chromium,which increased by 226.5% and 291.6% respectively compared with the blank.2 m L Ganoderma lucidum chaff wood vinegar had the most obvious effect on increasing residual chromium in soil,which was 42.3% higher than the blank.(4)The plant height and root length of maize at seedling and maturity stages were increased in different degrees compared with the control.At the mature stage of maize,2 m L hedgehog mushroom chaff wood vinegar had the most obvious effect on chlorophyll promotion,which was 55.2% higher than the blank.The effect of 1 m L Pleurotus ostreatus chaff wood vinegar on the catalase activity of maize was the best at seedling and maturity stage,which increased by 105.9% and 83.8% respectively.At the mature stage of maize,4 m L hedgehog mushroom chaff wood vinegar had the most obvious effect on reducing MDA content,with a decrease of 55.7%.(5)All treatments could increase the contents of Cu and Cr in Maize roots,ears and decrease the contents of Cu and Cr in male inflorescence and stem.And The effect of different fungus chaff wood vinegar on the content of Cr in maize roots was the most obvious at the dosage of 4 m L,which increased by 57.2%~122.8% compared with CK.The enrichment coefficient of copper in maize roots was increased by all treatments,and the effect of 1 m L hedgehog mushroom chaff wood vinegar was the most obvious.The enrichment coefficient of Cr in maize roots was increased by all treatments,and the effect of 4m L ganoderma lucidum chaff wood vinegar was the most obvious.All treatments could reduce the transport coefficients of Cu and Cr in leaves and male inflorescences,as well as in stalks and ears of maize,so that Cr was mainly concentrated in roots of maize.