Study On Biotransformation And Utilization Of Two Kinds Of Edible Mushrooms

In this study,Rosa Roxburghii Tratt Pomace(RRTP)that produced in the processing industry of Rosa Roxburghii Tratt was used as the research object,and the edible mushrooms was used for biotransformation to realize the zero waste and high-value utilization of RRTP.In order to study the interaction between edible mushrooms and RRTP,the strains dependent on the RRTP medium were firstly screened.Second,the formular proportion of RRTP medium was optimized to the best formular ratio for the edible mushrooms.On the basis of this,the dynamic changes of phytochemicals in the process of RRTP degraded by edible mushrooms and the migration of small molecule functional components between RRTP with the edible mushrooms were investigated in my thesis.Finally,heavy metal was analyzed on the process of edible mushrooms cultivated on RRTP medium.The results were summarized as follows:1.Four strains : Pleurotus ostreatus(Xiahui NO.1and heiping No.8),Pleurotus djamor,Agrocybe aegerita were screened,based on the activity of extracellular cellulase and lignin degrading enzumes,biotransformation rate and mycelium growth of edible mushrooms.The experimental results showed that the activity of extracellular cellulase was highest in Pleurotus ostreatus(Xiahui NO.1),and the activity of extracellular ligninase in Pleurotus djamor was the highest.These two kinds of edible mushrooms were used as the experimental strain in this experiment.The activity of extracellular cellulase of Pleurotus ostreatus(which cultured RRTP medium)reached the maximum value of 200.4 U/L when budding;the activity ofextracellular lignin degrading enzymes of Pleurotus djamor(which cultured RRTP medium)reached the maximum when the hyphae were full,and the value is 231.9U/L.2.The formulation ratio of RRTP medium optimized by the mixture design,the shortest cycle of mycelium overgrowth and the highest biological conversion rate when Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus djamor were culture.3.To investigate the change of phytochemical content and the migration of small molecule components of RRTP during the degradation of RRTP medium by edible mushrooms.The results showed that the degradation rate of lignocellulose in the degradation of RRTP medium degraded by both Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus djamor was : hemicellulose > cellulose > lignin.The RFV value reached the maximum value after fruiting completely,92.83 for Pleurotus ostreatus and 85.90 for Pleurotus djamor.The flavonoids and triterpenoids in the RRTP did not significantly migrate between the fruiting bodies with the edible mushrooms.4.The content of heavy metals(Cd,Cu,Pb,Cr,Hg,As)in various stages of the process of RRTP degraded by edible mushrooms were analyzed.The results showed that the content of heavy metals in the fruit body of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus ostreatus were cultivated in the universal medium or the RRTP medium separately,xhich were in the national standard range of heavy metals,while the content of Cu in the fruit body of Pleurotus djamor exceeded the standard slightly.