Effect Of Extract From Sacha Inchi Shell On Modulation Of Blood Pressure And Gut Microbiota In SHR Rats

Sacha Inchi shell is the by-product of the processing industry.For a long time,it is difficult to be effectively utilized because of the lack of researches.With the development of Sacha Inchi industry,the effect of anti-hypertensive has been discovered,but the related research has been in a blank state.In this study,the shell from Pu'er area in Yunnan was used as the raw material.First,the basic components of shell were measured,and the safety of its use in animal body was evaluated(SIS for short).At the same time,the effective substance was extracted to evaluate the effect of anti-hypertensive,include the effect of short-term and long-term and the inhibition of pathological damage of hypertension;the effects of shell extractive on the gut microbiota of SHR rats were evaluated at the same time.Finally,separation and purification process of effective substance was researched.The main results are as per following:(1)The main components of Sacha Inchi shell include sugar,protein and fat.The active substances include polysaccharides,polyphenols,saponins,alkaloids,flavonoids and organic acids.(2)The results of acute toxicological test in mice showed that the maximum tolerance of the mice to the extract was not less than 12 g/kg,and the body weight of mice increased normally during the observation period.The shell extract is nontoxic.(3)Sacha Inchi shell extract showed a significant effect at the dose of 400 mg/kg.BW,and the blood pressure level of SHR rats in 0.5 h to 6 h was significantly decreased(P < 0.05).The blood pressure of the rats in the intervention group was lower than the SHR model group in a significant difference(P < 0.05).It indicates that shell extract have a long-term antihypertensive effect.(4)After 51 days of continuous perfusion shell extract to rats,the colon content of rats was sequenced by 16 S r DNA.The results showed that the extract could improve the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota of SHR rats,especially the abundance of Akkermansia,Lactobacillales and other probiotics.In contrast,Parab Acteroides,Prevotella and Bacteroides,the increase of blood pressure and intestinal diseases,were inhibited.It may change blood pressure by the regulation of gut microbiota.(5)After preliminary water extraction,extraction and silica gel column chromatography,it was found that the effective part was the n-butanol extract,and the silica gel column chromatography of chloroform / methanol(7:3),and the material property is saponin.