The Analysis Of The CO₂ Mitigation Effect And The Distributional Effects Of Carbon Tax In China

China's energy consumption has been in a steady growth in recent years.At the same time,the emissions of greenhouse gas have also risen rapidly and China has surpassed the United States as the world's largest emitter of carbon dioxide.We evaluate the impacts of carbon tax on the natural and social environments of China based on the experience of carbon tax in Northern European countries and other countries and provide a theoretical reference for the implementation of carbon tax in China.In this paper,we use the QUAIDS model to calculate the elastic coefficient for different sectors of different households using the micro data of 13020 families in 14 provinces in 2013.Then,we use the elastic coefficient to calculate the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions,the welfare changes of the households and the social equity after tax.The results are as follows:First,the implementation of the carbon tax of 50 yuan/ton has increased the consumption of commodities in the food and tobacco sector by about 4.85%.For other departments,the implementation of carbon tax has played a role in restraining consumption,and the reduction in consumption of other kinds of commodities is between 0.83%and 8.89%.Second,the implementation of carbon tax has made the carbon emission reduced by 2.57%in rural areas and 1.89%in urban areas.Third,the implementation of carbon tax has a negative impact on the welfare level of all households.The change rate of compensation in rural and urban households is about 0.5%.The implementation of carbon tax has made a reasonable decrease in Gini coefficient and Theil index in our society,which means that the fairness of the whole society has been improved.