Research On Carbon Emission Trading Accounting System Based On Total Quantity Control Mechanism

At present,with the world economy’s development,emissions of a large amount of greenhouse gas have exceeds the atmospheric standards.This will cause a greenhouse effect then the global climate is getting warm and frequent occurrences of extreme disasters.Controlling greenhouse gas emissions to reduce the greenhouse effect has become one of the greatest challenges facing humanity in the world today.The carbon emissions trading can control greenhouse gas emissions effectively and reduce the impact of carbon emissions on human survival and ecology and achieve sustainable development.At present,China has not yet introduced the accounting standards and accounting rules related to carbon emissions trading.Only a few industries have participated in carbon emissions trading,other industries with high carbon emissions such as high pollution,high energy consumption,and high emissions have not entered into the trade.By establishing a unified and standardized carbon emissions trading accounting system and defining the methods of accounting validation,measurement,and reporting of carbon emissions trading for enterprises is laying a theoretical foundation for the next round of carbon emissions trading in the country which is the main research content of this paper.This article first defines the concepts of carbon emission rights,carbon emission trading,and carbon emission trading accounting and summarizes the basic trading mechanism of carbon emission rights,the related basis theories and literatures in this article.Next analyze the status quo of carbon emissions trading at home and abroad.Then draw lessons from the practice experience of recognition and measurement of carbon emissions trading in several foreign countries and design a comprehensive,complete,and feasible carbon emission trading accounting system which is based on the quota total control trading mechanism.Finally,apply the accounting system to the specific carbon emission trading of DGYT company and specify the specific treatment methods for the confirmation,measurement,and reporting and make recommendations.Through the above research,this article can draw the conclusions as following:(1)First,the relevant accounting assumptions should be clarified when designing a carbon emission trading accounting system.Secondly,its accounting object should be a carbon emission right transaction.Finally,its basic goal is to establish an accounting system in order to reflects the carbon emissions trading accurately;(2)Carbon emission right should be confirmed as an asset,and establish the new subject named "carbon emission right" and "carbon emission allowance right" to record the carbon emission rights related assets and Liabilities;(3)For initial measurement,enterprises use the historical cost method to measure the carbon emission rights purchased from the market.For subsequent measurement,the enterprise uses the fair value method to follow-up measurement of the carbon emission rights obtained,and adjusts the value of carbon emission rights according to fair value;(4)The carbon emissions trading accounting information designed in this paper is disclosed at both the on-and off-balance sheet to fully meet the stakeholders’ requirements for carbon emission trading accounting information.