Optimization Of Carbon Trading Market Mechanism Based On Carbon Peaking And Carbon Neutrality Goals

Carbon trading market mechanism is a new system to control and reduce greenhouse gas emissions through market mechanisms,and it is also an important policy tool to achieve dual carbon goals.Since 2013,China has carried out carbon trading pilot work in eight provinces and cities.On December 19,2017,the national unified carbon trading market was announced to be established.That was a historic turning point.After nearly four years of preparation,the online transaction was officially launched on 16 July 2021.The ‘14th Five-Year’ period is a key time to achieve the dual carbon goals,and promoting the optimization of carbon trading mechanisms is an urgent priority.Under the current framework of climate change policy mechanism,how to design and improve the carbon trading market system,give full play to the function of market mechanism,promote the comprehensive transformation of industrial structure to green low carbon,change the existing energy structure and industrial structure,has great practical significance and research value.First of all,this thesis defines the core concept of carbon trading market mechanism,the policy connotation and essence of carbon peak carbon neutralization,and analyzes the basic framework,core composition,design principles and internal logic with the new development pattern of carbon trading market mechanism.Secondly,the current carbon trading market in China is characterized by the dual-track parallel of the carbon trading pilot market and the national unified carbon trading market.This thesis analyzes the operation of carbon trading pilot trading mechanism,the operation of the national unified carbon trading market and the participation of Jiangxi as a non-pilot province in the national unified carbon trading market.The results show that:(1)The institutional framework of the local carbon trading pilot has been completed,forming a complete carbon trading market system covering various trading elements;normalized carbon trading market has been formed,market mechanism has been established;carbon asset management,carbon verification and other related industries have developed,forming a carbon trading industry chain;the compliance rate of the enterprises is high,indicating that the acceptance of the carbon market is good.Create a good public opinion environment,enhance the awareness and participation of enterprises and the public on carbon management,carbon trading;the implementation of the carbon trading pilot mechanism has promoted the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions and carbon emission intensity in the pilot areas.(2)The first performance cycle of the national unified carbon trading market is generally stable.First established a set of support more complete system,has introduced the management method and management rules,and introduced the relevant technical specifications.Secondly,the power generation industry is defined as the first industry to be included in the control.According to the characteristics of the power industry,the quota allocation scheme based on the benchmark method is formulated,and the first batch of quotas are issued to the first key emission units included in the management.At the same time,completed the registration system and trading system platform infrastructure.From the transaction point of view,the participation of enterprises is more active,the compliance rate is higher,and the role of promoting enterprise emission reduction has achieved initial results.(3)From the perspective of the participation of key emission units in the power industry in Jiangxi Province in the transaction,enterprises in the non-carbon trading pilot areas are conservative in the first performance cycle due to their lack of trading experience.They are not active in the transaction and lack of understanding of the carbon trading market,so they need to strengthen capacity-building training.Finally,this thesis summarizes the existing problems and constraints in China carbon trading market mechanism,and puts forward suggestions for mechanism optimization.There are some problems in China carbon trading market mechanism,such as imperfect carbon trading market policies and regulations,single trading products,insufficient market liquidity,large fluctuations in trading activities,incomplete carbon emission data supervision mechanism,and insufficient carbon asset management capacity of key emission units.These problems are also affected by regional segmentation,imperfect carbon trading market platform construction,insufficient carbon price incentives for enterprise emission reduction,and insufficient financial participation.It is suggested to optimize the mechanism from eight aspects: First,establish and improve carbon trading laws and regulations,and improve the construction of trading platforms to achieve fine management;Second,expand the scope of carbon trading products and trading subjects,improve carbon trading market participation;Third,take full account of carbon peak carbon neutral target requirements,in the national unified carbon trading market on the basis of early carbon emission intensity control,the overall establishment of carbon emissions control objectives;Fourth,in line with the peak targets and emission reduction requirements of various industries,scientific carbon quota allocation mechanism;Fifth,improve the relevant technical specifications of carbon emissions data accounting,reporting and verification,strictly control verification data,standardize enterprise performance;Sixth,strengthen capacity-building,enhance carbon management capacity of key emission units,and actively participate in carbon trading market construction;Seventh is to adjust the assessment policy,when enterprises meet the set industry emission reduction standards,give a certain amount of carbon emission quota incentives;Eighth is to increase coordination efforts to promote the national carbon trading market’s chess.