Research On Environmental Impact Assessment Of Tourism Activity Based On RIAM Model

Tourism is one of the fastest-growing emerging industries in modern world.It still manages to maintain a rapid development in spite of the fact that the world has been inflicted with heavy losses by economic crisis.Tourism is the general reflection of economic,social,cultural and scientific development,which means that tourism development would inevitably generate a series of positive and negative impacts on the environment,economy and society of tourist destinations.Located in Shayao Village of Huixian,Xinxiang Wanxian Mountain is a national 4-A attraction,a national geopark,and a national forest park.Wanxian Mountain Attraction ranks the first across the entire Southern Taihang Attraction whether in terms of the number of visits or revenues.The impressive sceneries have been drawing in a multitude of visitors,yet severe impact has been imposed on the ecological environment of Wanxian Mountain too.The paper sets out to investigate the degree of the impact of visitors on local ecological environment,provide a theoretical foundation for the protection,development as well as ecological restoration of Wanxian Mountain Attraction,and provide a new method that is effective and scientifically reasonable to assess the impact on environment resulted from the behaviors of visitors,so that the sustainable development of Wanxian Mountain and even other tourism attractions can be further promoted.This paper takes Wanxian Mountain Scenic spot in Xinxiang as a case study and confirms and ranks the factors of impact assessment of tourist activities on the environment in Wan Xian Mountain scenic spot by using environmental impact assessment RIAM Model method,questionnaire survey,expert evaluation method and the analytic hierarchy process method.The results are as follows: ranking of factors for environmental impact assessment of tourism activities is : Regional economic development(1.1264)>Residents' living standard(0.84)>Employment rate(0.5232)>Construction of infrastructure(0.3936)>Cultural quality(0.2730)>Traditional culture:-0.2496)>Acoustical environment(-0.4650)>Soil environment(-0.4830)>Water environment:-0.5034)>Atmospheric environment>Social security(-0.624)>Ecological landscape>Biodiversity(-1.1520)>Plant resources(-1.2384)>Traffic environment(-1.26)>Animal resources(-1.3104m).Contents in parenthesis marks is the score of the final ES evaluation of the impact factor.Based on RIAM model,the final ES score of visitor travel activities in Wan Xian Mountain tourist attraction on the environment is-6.073 t,which has a slight negative impact on the environment.The ES values of various evaluation factors indicate that tourism activities have a slight negative impact on the atmospheric environment,water environment,soil environment and sound environment.It has a slight positive effect on cultural quality.But it has positive effect on regional economic development,residents' living standard and employment rate.To sum up,tourist activities will bring some negative effects to the local environment.This will be of great practical significance for the subsequent relieving of the environmental burdens of the scenic spots and the dissolution of the ecological system,and it will undoubtedly also help improve of the environmental quality of the tourist sites,and construct a new governance policy for the tourism sites so as to maintain the stable and healthy development of the scenic spots.According to the score results of the RIAM model ES,some suggestions are made for Wan Xian Mountain Scenic Spot: firstly,do a good job in the assessment of environmental impacts,and develop a scientific tourism plan.Secondly,greatly advocate ecological tourism to realize the consistency between economy and environment.Thirdly,take tourist diversion measures in tourist season and improve the quality of Wan Xian Mountain.Lastly popularize awareness of tourists on the environment.