| Water resources are the key link connecting food and energy.Its quantity and quality directly affect various aspects of regional economic development,social stability,people's well-being and resource security.Developing the research on the coordinated allocation of conventional and unconventional water resources in Qingyang City has important scientific significance for ensuring the safety of water resources and the sustainable development of social economy in the study area.Qingyang City is an important industrial area in cities along the “Belt and Road” and in arid areas in northwest.The total amount of water resources and supply is extremely lacking.The average precipitation in Qingyang City for many years is less than the national average,only 468.1mm,in addition there are problems such as uneven distribution within the year,low water resource utilization efficiency,and serious water pollution,which have seriously affected the economic development of Qingyang City.Due to the rise of the secondary industry,the economic and population of Qingyang City have made the already unbalanced supply and demand relationship for water resources even more severe.At the same time,due to excessive development of secondary industries such as energy and industry,the quality of the ecological environment and the ecological environment have deteriorated.Therefore,the planned use of unconventional water resources such as reclaimed water,rainwater,and mine drainage water is a good strategy for turning waste and sewage into resources,and it is a feasible way to alleviate the imbalance between water supply and demand of water resources.The coordinated allocation of unconventional and conventional water resources in order to meet the maximum benefits of integrated systems such as social benefits,economic benefits,and ecological environment is an attempt to seek coordination of the entire water resources system.The main research contents and conclusions of this article are as follows.(1)Summarized the current status of Qingyang City's physical geography,hydrology and meteorology,population economy,etc.;analyzed the current status of water resources and water conservancy projects development,sponge city construction status,wading urbanization construction status.According to the requirements of water resources in Qingyang City and the status of water supply status,the two indicators of maximum water resources population carrying capacity Cp and water resources carrying capacity balance index IWSD are used to calculate and evaluate the current situation of water resources carrying capacity in Qingyang City.The calculation results show that except for ZhenyuanCounty which has just reached the carrying capacity standard and Huachi County is slightly lower than the water resources carrying capacity standard,the remaining remaining districts and counties all have different degrees of water resources carrying capacity overload problems The current situation of the city's water resources is not optimistic.(2)Sorted out the calculation methods of water demand for the living and ecological environment and tertiary industry,primary industry,secondary industry and ecological environment in Qingyang City;the calculation methods of the total water resources;the supply of conventional and unconventional water(renewed water,Rainwater,brackish water,mine drain water,etc.)resources such as surface water and groundwater.The grey prediction model method is used to predict the water demand and water supply in Qingyang's near-term(2020),mid-term(2025)and long-term(2030)programming years,and to analyze the supply-demand water balance.Among them,under the 50% design frequency,the three programming years water shortages are 1312,1257,and 11.24 million m3,and the water shortage rates are 2.65%,2.27%,and 1.93%,respectively.It can be seen that the water resources in Qingyang City are still in a state of imbalance between supply and demand during the programming year.The growing contradiction between the demand for water resources and the lack of water resources is still prominent.(3)On the basis of following the principle of collaborative allocation of water resources in Qingyang City,considering the following optimization objectives,a collaborative allocation model of conventional and unconventional water resources in the study area was established.(1)The economic objective function with the greatest economic benefit as the goal;supplemented by parameters such as the water source priority coefficient and departmental water usage coefficient etc,and adding unit water resource costs and other mwthods to ensure the preferential use of unconventional water resources and priority allocation of domestic and tertiary water;(2)Social benefit objective function with the maximum comprehensive benefit of the water,food and energy nexus(WEF Nexus)system;using the unconventional water resource utilization coefficient,the inverse number of the primary industry water shortage coefficient,the economic value and the ratio of planned values as an evaluation index function to couple WEF Nexus to meet the coordinated allocation of unconventional water use and conventional water resources.(3)The goal is to minimize the COD emissions;Restrict the development of enterprises with high-consumption and high-emission,and promote the transformation of the economic system based on the secondary industry economy in Qingyang City to the economic system dominated by the tertiary industry.(4)Aiming at the characteristics of the objective function of water resources cooperative allocation,such as high-dimensional multi-peak nonlinear discontinuity and non-convexity,etc,in this paper,three new intelligent bionic optimization algorithms are selected,namely,MFO,GWO and WOA,it also improves its shortcomings such as premature convergence,easy to fall into local optimum and small search area.Twelve test functions(six unimodal functions and six multi-peak functions)were used to test and compare the three improved optimization algorithms.The results show that the convergence accuracy of the three improved intelligent algorithms is improved with the increase of convergence times.The improved MFO is not as good as the improved GWO and the improved WOA in search range,convergence speed and accuracy;The convergence precision of the improved WOA is better than that of the improved GWO,but in some test functions there are some disadvantages such as premature convergence and easy to get into the optimal solution.The overall test results show that the improved GWO can reach the standard in calculation accuracy,and has the advantages of large search area and not easy to fall into local optimal.(5)By comparing the above three improved optimization algorithms with the traditional multi-objective methods,the water resource cooperative allocation model in the study area was solved respectively.The improved principal component analysis method was used to compare the traditional multi-objective method,and 11 indexes were selected to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the method.Reach 50% under the improved MFO,improved GWO,improve GOA contrast the traditional multi-objective algorithm in2020,scoring(0.042,0.184,0.444,0.086),in 2025,scoring(0.301,0.699,0.054,0.382),in2030,scoring(0.506,0.021,0.182,0.436),the comprehensive score of B?>C?>A?>D?>C?>B?>A?>D?>B?>C?>A?>D?.It shows that the three improved optimization algorithms are superior to the traditional multi-objective configuration method,and the calculation results of the improved WOA and the improved GWO are similar,and each has its own good and bad.At the same time,combining the results of Section 5.3,the results of the improved GWO are finally selected as the results of the collaborative allocation of unconventional water resources and conventional water resources in Qingyang City.After the improved GWO configuration,the economic output corresponding to water resources at 50%frequency in 2020,2025 and 2030 are 106.035 billion yuan,160.118 billion yuan and219.612 billion yuan,respectively;Among them,the economic output corresponding to the water resources allocated in 2020 exceeds the output value target of 100 billion yuan in Qingyang's 13 th Five-Year Economic Plan.The results show that the research on the collaborative allocation of unconventional and conventional water resources based on theimproved GWO has good feasibility,and can provide a new calculation method for solving the collaborative allocation model of water resources in the study area. |
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