Study Of Agricultural Land And Water Resources Configuration And Optimization In Sanjiang Plain Area

China has become a big agricultural and populous country,During the decades of reform and opening,great progress has been made in agricultural development,our country uses a limited amount of arable land and water resources to solve the problem of adequate food and clothing for one-fifth of the world's population.However,from the perspective of agricultural resources,China's per capita arable land and water resources have a relatively poor possession,especially water resources,only one quarter of the world average,With the acceleration of reform and opening,the shortage of land and water resources is not conducive to agricultural development,the restrictive role is aggravating and the contradiction between human and water and land resources is more prominent;in recent years,the global warming has intensified and the rainfall in northern China has been decreasing year by year,and the utilization efficiency of water resources in the north is low,farmland area of drought continues to expand,grain production cuts seriously.The Sanjiang Plain in Heilongjiang Province is an important production base of commodity grain in China,with high yield of grain and stable production,grain output has always been at the forefront of the country;However,due to the sparsely populated of Sanjiang Plain,combined with the backward technology of agricultural production and inadequate allocation of water conservancy facilities for farmland,extensive utilization of agricultural land and water resources over the years has resulted in serious waste of water and land resources,in addition,in recent years,because of global warming,rice planting boundaries moved Northward,the dry land area is gradually decreasing;Therefore,by studying the efficiency of agricultural land and water resources allocation of the Sanjiang Plain Area in recent 30 years and optimizing its planting structure,it can be useful to providing the basis for decision-making on the structural adjustment and optimization of agricultural planting industry not only for the efficient utilization of future agricultural land and water resources and the scientific and rational allocation of water and land resources in the Sanjiang Plain Area,but also to Promote a wide range of areas for the dry land to paddy fields.In this paper,Sanjiang Plain in Heilongjiang Province as a research area,expanding the study of its agricultural water and land resources allocation efficiency from the following aspects.Firstly,this paper introduces the data sources and research methods,expounds the relative research on the optimal allocation of agricultural land and water resources and the related basic theory of agricultural land and water resources allocation at home and abroad.And making a brief introduction on the natural resources,humanities and economy conditions,and the current situation of agricultural land and water resources utilization.Second,calculating the matching coefficient of agricultural land and water resources in each region of Sanjiang Plain based on the water footprint theory of crop production and cropwat software;From the results:it can be concluded that the matching coefficient of agricultural land and water resources in Sanjiang Plain is higher than that of Northeast average(4341m~3/hm~2)and lower than the national average(6213m~3/hm~2).Due to the affection by the spatial distribution of precipitation,and planting structure and area,the matching coefficient of agricultural water and land resources in Sanjiang Plain is quite different,Hegang city,Luobei county,Tangyuan county,Huachuan county,Youyi county and Jidong county,the spatial configuration of agricultural land and water resources is more reasonable and relatively stable;Jixi city and Baoqing county are mostly at a general level;Yilan county is mostly at a poor level,other regions such as Hulin city and Raohe county,the spatial configuration of agricultural land and water resources has good times and bad,fluctuating seriously.Third,investment-oriented DEA method is applied to evaluate the efficiency of agricultural water and land resources configuration in all regions of the Sanjiang Plain,according to the DEA results of all regions and the level distribution of agricultural water and land resources allocation efficiency of Five periods,we can conclude that There are Jixian County,Jidong County,Hulin City,Baoqing County and Mishan City with well-equipped agricultural land and water resources in Sanjiang Plain,Grain planting area accountes for about 28.71%of the overall Sanjiang Plain;Fuyuan County,the worst level of the water and land resources allocation,grain planting area accounts for about 7.5%of the overall;Raohe County and Suibin County,the level of land and water resources allocation is relatively poor,grain planting area accounts for about 10%of the overall;The allocation of water and land resources in Jiamusi City,Luobei County,Tongjiang City and Muling City fluctuates greatly,accounting for 13.65%of the total;The allocation of water and land resources in Youyi County,Huanan County,Qitaihe City,Shuangyashan City and Hegang City is relatively unstable,and the grain planting area is about 12.26%of the total;The rest of the region in the past three decades the level of land and water resources allocation is general,the grain planting area accountes for about 27.88%of the overall.Fourthly,based on the results of agricultural land and water resources matching coefficient and water and land resource allocation efficiency in all regions of the Sanjiang Plain,taking into account the background of Sanjiang Unicom of the future Sanjiang Plain and the change trend of planting structure;Building a linear Planning model to optimize the utilization of agricultural land and water resources of the status quo in 2015 and in the future for Sanjiang Plain with the goal of maximizing its grain production benefit:the optimized utilization efficiency of agricultural land and water resources is further improved,the main agricultural production is mainly paddy fields and is mostly concentrated in Fuyuan county,Tongjiang city,Fujin city,Hulin city,Mishan city,Suibin county,Baoqing county,Youyi county and Huachuan county,grain output continues to increase and the people's income is further improved.