| China faces a prominent contradiction between water supply and demand of resource.Meanwhile,China's water resource is also facing serious pollution problems.Industry supports a major part of economic development.Facing the increasingly tense contradiction of industrial water consumption,fully aware of the importance of industrial water conservation and emission reduction,improving the efficiency of industrial water resource can provide sustainable water resource guarantee for China's economic development.Through systematic analysis of domestic and foreign research status,it is found that the current research on industrial water resource efficiency has developed from single factor efficiency to total factor efficiency.However,there are few studies on the efficiency of industrial water resources from the green perspective,and most of them focus on the evaluation of the economic benefits of water resources,while the social benefits and environmental benefits generated in the process of the utilization of industrial water resources are not taken into consideration,which leave room for research in this paper.Firstly,the connotation of green efficiency of industrial water resource was defined to construct the theoretical framework of this paper.Secondly,30 provinces in China were taken as research samples.The social environment index is constructed to adjust the industrial added value to form the expected output index,and the industrial grey water footprint is introduced as the non-expected output index.Then combined with the index of industrial water resource,labor force and capital input,a set of index system is formed to measure the green efficiency of industrial water resource,which makes the measurement efficiency more practical.Then,the green efficiency value of industrial water resource is obtained by using EBM model,and the differences and changing trend between three kinds of efficiency are further compared and analyzed;the temporal and spatial differences of the green efficiency of industrial water resource are analyzed from three perspectives.and the cause of the efficiency regional gap is explained by using the Theil index.Thirdly,the panel Tobit model is used to establish the panel regression model of influencing factors of green efficiency of industrial water resource in China,and to test the impact of government environmental regulation,industrialization,opening-up level,technological progress and industrial water consumption.Finally,some possible countermeasures to improve the green efficiency of industrial water resource in China were put forward.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows.Comparison of three water resource efficiency values.During the study period,the three water resource efficiencies showed a trend of fluctuation and decline in varying degrees.The national average value of green efficiency of water resource lies between environmental efficiency and economic efficiency of water resource.Therefore,the construction of SEI index to form expected output is more in line with the actual industrial economic development than the direct use of traditional economic output.In the eastern coastal areas,the middle reaches of the Yellow River and the northwest areas,the mean of economic efficiency is higher than that of environmental efficiency,while in the northeast and southwest areas,the mean of environmental efficiency is higher than that of green efficiency.The high degree of industrial water pollution in Hainan province makes the average value of green efficiency of water resource in the southern coastal areas low.The measurement of green efficiency of industrial water resource.The results show that the average green efficiency of industrial water resource in China from 2004 to 2016 is 0.8732,and there is still room for water conservation and emission reduction in the future.During the research period,the spatial and temporal trends of green efficiency of industrial water resource in different provinces are different.In terms of time trend,except that the green efficiency of industrial water resource in the northern coastal areas remained basically stable,the other seven regions showed certain volatility.Among them,the northwest region,which was in the leading position in the early stage,showed a downward trend in recent years,and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River showed the most obvious fluctuation.In terms of spatial distribution difference,it is generally characterized by higher coastal area than inland area and higher eastern area than western area.However,in some underdeveloped areas,such as Gansu and Qinghai,the green efficiency of industrial water resource is relatively high,which indicates that there is no inevitable relationship between the level of green efficiency of water resource and the level of economic development in a region.The effective green efficiency of water resource only means that its input-output is optimized.At the provincial level,the green efficiency of industrial water resource in 30 provinces can be divided into 4 levels,high level: general high level: medium level: low level = 7:5:11:7.The overall pattern presents the shape of "hourglass".The exploration of the root cause of the overall gap in the green efficiency area of industrial water resource.From 2004 to 2016,the change of the Theil index is roughly summarized into two stages.Taken 2010 as the demarcation point.Before 2010,the increase and decrease alternate;after 2010,the regional overall gap of green efficiency of industrial water resource in China is gradually expanding,"polarization" is aggravating.The regional internal gap is the main source of the formation of the regional overall gap,and the main reason for the formation of the gap is the internal gap of the southwest,northwest and the middle reaches of the Yellow River.The test of influencing factors of green efficiency of industrial water resource.Different from the result of expected significant promotion,the level of opening-up failed to pass the significance test.The test results of government's environmental regulation strength are contrary to the expected positive direction.Technological progress is significant at the level of 1%,which shows that the technological innovation of water resource conservation and water pollution prevention in the industrial field will bring direct water-saving and emission reduction effects.The degree of industrialization passed the 1% significance test with a regression coefficient of 0.0069,which shows that although the degree of industrialization can significantly affect the improvement of the green efficiency of industrial water resource,it is difficult to increase the degree of industrialization to achieve the purpose of water conservation and emission reduction because of the continuous promotion of industrialization in China.In addition,reducing the consumption of industrial water resource is also an effective way to improve the green efficiency of industrial water resource.Combined with the analysis results,countermeasures to improve the green efficiency of industrial water resource in different regions are put forward.The government should publicize the main contents and implementation significance of industrial water resource control and pollution treatment to industrial enterprises and the public,and further expand the scale of industrial wastewater pollution treatment investment.All provinces should give full play to their regional characteristics,launch strategies for industrial water use and water pollution prevention and control that meet their own needs,and put more production into the development of green emerging industries.To give full play to the industrial and regional advantages of various regions,the coastal areas in the north,east and south should play a leading and exemplary role in improving the technology of industrial water-saving and emission reduction so as to promote the outward extension of the frontier of industrial water technology in China.The communication and cooperation between the middle reaches of the Yellow River and the northwest areas and the developed coastal areas should be strengthened and the technology of industrial water should be brought closer to the coastal areas as soon as possible.Northeast China,southwest China and the middle reaches of the Yangtze river should vigorously develop industrial economy,actively draw lessons from and introduce foreign clean and high technology industries of energy saving and water saving,and promote coordinated economic development as a whole. |
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