Research On Climate Comfort Of Major Tourist Cities In Northwest Five Provinces

The relationship between tourism and climate is very close.Climate is not only the external environmental conditions that support tourism activities,but also an important tourist attraction.The construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt is the northwest five provinces(Xinjiang,Gansu,Ningxia,Shaanxi,Qinghai)tourism development of an important opportunity,but the northwest five provinces of tourism has low development,poor integration of resources,the long-term tourism is not perfect and other issues,and the dry climate in the Northwest region differs from other places,in recent years special climate tourism(Turpan " Mars " tour,Urumqi " Ice and Snow Festival " tour,etc.)is also very popular,study the climate comfort of tourism is very necessary.Based on the data of meteorological stations in 30 major tourist cities in 5 provinces of northwest China,according to the temperature and humidity index(THI),the Wind Effect Index(K),the clothing index(ICL)and the Comprehensive Comfort Index(OCI),and combined with the tourism status of each city,Comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the spatial and temporal characteristics of climate comfort in the main tourist cities of northwest China.The main results show that:(1)The overall temperature in the 5 provinces of northwest China has been fluctuating and rising in the past 30 years,and the average temperature has been "single peak" change in the year.The overall relative humidity of 5 provinces decreased in the last 30 years,and the average relative in April humidity was the lowest.In recent 30 years,the average wind speed in Xinjiang,Gansu and Shaanxi was rising,the Ningxia first rose and then decreased,while in Qinghai,the fluctuation decreased and the average wind speed was the highest in 5 provinces.In Xinjiang and Gansu province,the sunshine hours in the last 30 years showed a trend of fluctuation,Ningxia and Qinghai showed the opposite trend,while the number of sunshine hours in 1986-2002 showed a downward trend,then rose,each province in May-August,the number of sunshine hours was higher.(2)In 5 provinces,30 major tourist cities in the year THI and K were "single peak" change,ICL was "valley-type" change.OCI for comfort and more comfortable months as a suitable month for tourism analysis found in the 1-2 months,November-December research area,the climate is cold,no city suitable for tourism,but most cities in winter can carry out snow tourism.In March-October,cities are suitable for tourism.Among them,the May and September suitable for tourism cities,there are 29,followed by June,there are 28 cities are suitable for tourism.It is the only way for the development of tourism in northwest five provinces to combine the climatic comfort of each region of northwest five provinces,fully integrate the resources,and create the characteristic "Silk Road tourism" with high degree of pleasure,good comfort and strong regional cooperation.(3)The OCI of the northwest five provinces in spring is higher,more suitable for tourism,high value area appears in southern Shaanxi and southern Xinjiang,summer OCI overall high,suitable for tourism,high value area appeared in northern Xinjiang and most of Qinghai,Gansu,most cities in autumn is more suitable for tourism,high value area appears in Kashi and southern Shaanxi,The secondary high value region appears in the east of Xinjiang,and the overall low winter OCI is not suitable for tourism.In addition to several cities affected by topography,the OCI of the 30 cities increased roughly with latitude,but the changes were less pronounced,and in summer the OCI of the cities increased roughly with elevation,and winter roughly decreased with elevation.(4)Nearly 30 years the northwest five provinces 10 typical cities THI,K,OCL each season overall showed slightly upward trend,the ICL slightly drops,tends to become more and more suitable for the traveling.However,the change of the index of each city is not obvious,which shows that the climate fluctuation is relatively small,the climate change is more stable,and the influence on tourism comfort is small.