Systematic Taxonomy Of Sycacanthae(Lepidoptera:Tortricidae) From China

Sycacanthae is a member of the tribe Olethreutini,which belongs to the subfamily Olethreutinae and Tortricidae family.This thesis are dealt with Chinese species of Sycacanthae,and the results are recorded as follows:1.43 species belonging to 4 genera are distinguished from China.Among them,seventeen are described as new: Phaecasiophora areolata sp.nov.,P.basilaris sp.nov.,P.dilatata sp.nov.,P.circinata sp.nov.,P.concaviuscula sp.nov.,P.consimilis sp.nov.,P.corneola sp.nov.,P.gracilenta sp.nov.,P.obtusa sp.nov.,P.rectiuscula sp.nov.,P.similipyragra sp.nov.,P.tenuicaulis sp.nov.,Psilacantha tenella sp.nov.,Sycacantha camarata sp.nov.,S.decursiva sp.nov.,S.fracta sp.nov.,S.typicusivalva sp.nov.Two new combinations are proposed: Phaecasiophora obtundana(Kuznetsov,1988)comb.nov.,and Sycacantha diserta(Meyrick,1909)comb.nov.These two new combinations and Sycacantha catharia Diakonoff,1973 are newly recorded from China.2.The mitochondrial COI genes of 132 exemplar specimens belonging to 37 species of the four genera from China were measured.Among them,81 full-length barcodings(658bp)representing 30 species were succuessfully sequenced,39 sequences were less than 658 bp.A NJ evolutionary tree of Olethreutinae was constructed,which was based on 4 full-length barcoding representing the present subtribe(Phaecasiophora,Sycacantha,Psilacantha,Baburia)and 19 full-length barcodes previously reported in Gen Bank and representing 8subtribes of Olethreutini and 4 tribes of Olethreutinae.The results showed that the four genera of Sycacanthae were closely related and clustered in one branch,but the branch also included Neoanathamna,a member of the Enarmoniini;the genus Lobesia was not on the same branch with Sycacanthae,which was considered a member of Sycacanthae(Horak,2006).Based on full-length barcodings sequenced in this study and reported in Gen Bank,the genetic distances among the species of Sycacanthae was analyzed.In Phaecasiophora,the interspecific variation was ranging from 3.8% to 13.4%,with an average divergence of9.5% and the intraspecific variation was ranging from 0% to 4.9%,with an average divergence of 1.7%;In Sycacantha,the interspecific variation was varying from 4.1% to11.6%,with an average divergence of 8.5% and the intraspecific variation was ranging from 0% to 1.7%,with an average divergence of 0.5%.According to the obtained barcode information,Phaecasiophora attica and P.pertexta were defined.3.Phaecasiophora is the largest genus of Sycacanthae in China,with a total of 30 species,accounting for 69.8%;the second is Sycacantha,with a total of 10 species,accounting for24.5%;there are two species of Psilacantha,accounting for 4.4% and one species of Baburia,accounting for 2.3%.The results of the fauna indicate that Chinese Sycacanthae are predominated by Oriental elements,while 4 species are the common species of Oriental and Palaearctic regions;In the Zoogegraphical region of China,34 species(79.1%)are distribute in South China,21 species(48.8%)in Southwest region,17 species(39.5%)in Central China and 1 species(2.3%)in Mengxin region.There is a higher level of species of Sycacanthae in China,and 25 endemic species,accounting for 58.1% of all the known Chinese species.