Research On The Impact Of High-speed Rail And Air Transport Competition And Cooperation Game On Environment And Social Welfare

With the improvement of the high-speed rail（HSR）network and the increase in line density,the competition between HSR and air transport has intensified,and at the same time,the number of cooperation cases has increased.How to make use of the respective advantages of HSR and air transport,better serve the needs of the transport market,reduce environmental pollution,and improve social welfare is the future development direction.Study the optimal game strategy,and compare the pollution emissions and social welfare when competition and cooperation reach market equilibrium,will help transport companies decide on the quality level of transport products and the transport authorities to formulate strategic mechanisms,to promote the green and sustainable development of the transport industry and create more welfare for the society.This paper first summarizes the relevant theories and methods of competition and cooperation games,traffic pollution emissions,and social welfare based on the current status of competition and cooperation between high-speed rail and civil aviation.Secondly,in-depth analysis of passenger travel selection mechanism and passenger travel heterogeneity,the establishment of a travel selection model based on product differentiation improvement,to solve the competition and cooperation strategies of different modes of transport passenger demand function.Thirdly,according to the cost-benefit analysis,the respective income functions and joint income functions of high-speed rail and civil aviation are constructed.With the goal of maximum revenue,the competition and cooperation game model of high-speed rail and civil aviation is established.Based on the passenger transport demand function,the optimal game strategy and market equilibrium under the competition and cooperation strategy are derived,and the impact of changes in transfer time,transportation costs,and high-speed rail operating speed on the game equilibrium is analyzed.Fourth,construct the pollution emission model and social welfare model of high-speed rail and civil aviation,and propose a method to comprehensively compare the impact of competition and cooperation games on the environment and social welfare.Finally,taking the New York-Shanghai-Nanchang transport channel as the research object,an empirical study was conducted to calculate the market equilibrium,pollution emissions and social welfare of competition and cooperation games.The results show that the total corporate income and social welfare of the cooperative strategy are 11.03%and 0.84%higher than the competitive strategy,respectively,and the LAP and CO₂ emissions are lower than the competitive strategy14.46%and 0.37%,respectively.That is to say,the high-speed railway and civil aviation adopt a cooperative strategy,which can reduce the impact of traffic pollution emissions on local air quality and climate change while increasing corporate profits,and bring more benefits to society.