Effects Of Bamboo Leaf Extract On Blood Biochemistry,Liver Antioxidant And Cell Apoptosis Of Mice Under Low Temperature

In this study,the mammalian kunming mice were used as experimental animals,Bamboo leaf extract of Bashania fargesii in faping national nature reserve of shaanxi province was used as experimental material,and the experimental conditions were different temperatures and oral doses of bamboo leaf extract(BLE).The method of double-factor design is adopted(Feeding temperature: normal temperature 25? and low temperature 4?;BLE infusion dose: 0 mg/kg BW and 340 mg/kg BW).The experiment was divided into four groups(Normal Temperature+Control Group: NT+CON;Normal Temperature+BLE Group: NT+BLE;Low Temperature+Control Group: LT+CON;Low Temperature+BLE Group: LT+BLE).There were 6 replicates in each group,10 mice in each replicate,for a total of 240 mice.Launching a 28 days of animal experiments,study in two stages,14 d and 28 d.Explore the effects of temperature,BLE perfusion dose,and the interaction of both on the antioxidant function and apoptosis of mice through blood biochemistry,antioxidant capacity,histopathological diagnosis,apoptosis,and mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes,in order to speculate on the internal driving mechanism of the giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)winter foraging strategy.Content 1 Effect of bamboo leaf extract on blood biochemistry of mice under low temperatureThis content uses a full-automatic biochemical analyzer to detect blood biochemical indicators of mice.Results of protein metabolism showed that compared with the NT group,the ALT activity in the LT group was significantly(P<0.05)or extremely significantly(P<0.01)increased at 14 and 28 days,with an increase of 46.09% and 18.75%;Temperature and BLE perfusion dose have significant interaction effects on AST,ALT and Alb at 28d(P<0.05).Compared with the NT + CON group,the AST and ALT activities of the LT + CON group were significantly(P<0.05)or extremely significantly(P<0.01)increased,with an increase of 18% and 34.43%;Compared with the LT + CON group,the AST activity in the LT + BLE group was extremely significantly reduced(P<0.01),with a decrease of 28.02%;Compared with the NT + BLE group,the serum Alb content in the LT + BLE group was significantly reduced(P<0.05),with a decrease of 12.16 %.Results of lipid metabolism showed that compared with the NT group,the TC content of the LT group was significantly reduced(P<0.05),the decrease was 9.44%,and the TG content was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),The increase was 32.81%;Compared with the CON group,the TC content of the BLE group was significantly increased(P<0.05),with an increase of 11.11%.Content 2 Effect of bamboo leaf extract on antioxidant of mice liver under low temperatureThis content uses the enzyme-labeled instrument to detect the content of T-AOC(Total antioxidant capacity),GSH(Glutathione),and MDA(Malondialdehyde)in the liver of mice.Quantitative real-time PCR(RT-PCR)was used to detect the mRNA expression quantity of SOD(Superoxide dismutase),CAT(Catalase)and GSH-px(Glutathione peroxidase).The results showed that compared with the NT group,the contents of T-AOC and GSH in the LT group increased extremely significantly(P<0.01)at 14 days,the increases were 15.85% and 20.30%;the T-AOC in the LT group decreased significantly at 28 days(P<0.05),with a decrease of 7.31%,and the MDA content increased signifi cantly(P<0.05),with an increase of 10.59%;Temperature and BLE perfusion dose significantly interacted with MDA content at 14 days(P<0.05).Compared with the NT + CON group,the content of MDA in the LT + CON group decreased significantly(P<0.05),decrease of 20%;Compared with the LT + CON group,the content of MDA in the LT + BLE group increased significantly(P<0.05),The increase is 20.65%;Temperature and BLE perfusion dose interacted with the content of T-AOC and CAT mRNA expression in mice liver at 28 days(P<0.05).Compared with the NT + CON group,the T-AOC content of the NT + BLE group decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01),the decrease was 13.94%,and the LT + CON group T-AOC content and CAT mRNA expression were significantly(P<0.05)or extremely significant(P<0.01)decline,with a decrease of 19.37% and 18.92%;Compared with the LT + CON group,the T-AOC content of the LT + BLE group increased extremely significantly(P<0.01),an increase of 13.91%.Content 3 Effects of bamboo leaf extract on histopathological changes and apoptosis of mice liver under low temperatureThis content uses optical microscope to observe the pathological changes of mice liver,flow cytometry to detect the apoptosis rate,and quantitative Real-time PCR(RT-PCR)was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related genes mRNA.Histopathological observation of the liver showed that,compared with the NT+CON group,the liver cells of the LT+CON group showed varying degrees of vesicular degeneration.Compared with the LT+CON group,cell swelling is significantly reduced in the LT+BLE group.The results of apoptosis rate showed that compared with the NT group,the apoptosis rate of the LT group increased extremely significantly at 28 days(P<0.01),with an increase of 30.13%;Compared with the CON group,the BLE group apoptosis rate decreased significantly(P<0.05),the decrease was 15.23%;Temperature and BLE perfusion dose had a significant interaction effect on apoptosis rate at 14 days(P<0.05).Compared with the NT + CON group,the apoptosis rate in the LT + BLE group increased significantly(P<0.05),with an increase of 28.21%;Compared with the LT + CON group,the apoptosis rate of the LT + BLE group decreased significantly(P<0.05),with a decrease of 24.55%.The results of apoptosis-related gene mRNA expression showed that compared with the NT group,the expression of Caspase-3 mRNA increased extremely significantly at 14 days in the LT group(P<0.01),with 40% increase.Our results indicate that hypothermia can cause certain oxidative damage to the liver of mice,and intragastric administration of BLE at 340 mg/kg BW can enhance the antioxidant capacity of the liver and alleviate liver function and structural damage caused by low temperature.According to the results,it is speculated that foping giant panda in shaanxi province feeds Bashania fargesii in winter,which may help to alleviate the cold stress.This may be one of the internal reasons for the optimization of foraging strategies of giant panda in winter,which needs to be further studied.