| In recent years,the conflict between human and wild boar(Sus scrofa)has increased due to the growth of wild boar population and the change of land use.From August to October 2018 and 2019,combining with the published data from 2011 to 2017,in the Hunchun area of Jilin Province,the Spatial-Temporal effect and eco-economic threshold of wild boar damage control were studied in the sample sites where the prevention and control measures had been used and not used.Techniques applied include playing the voice of the Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica),playing the scream of wild boar,playing the voice of wolf(Canis lupus),using vision equipment including solar blinkers,as well as suspension of anti-animal ribbons,electronic fences,and placing the Amur tiger's feces with rainproof shade,especially using of Amur tiger's voice and feces at the same time.The results are as follows:(1)In 2018,there is a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(P=0.000).The validity period of the experimental group and control group is(20.39±8.42)d and(1.33±0.58)d.For the experimental group,the validity period of wild boar control measures between the used and unused groups are(16.25±9.00)d and(20.58±9.61)d.There is no significant difference(P=0.127).(2)The study on the effect of the same wild boar damage control measure in 2011,2013,2016,2017 and 2018 showed that there is no significant change(P=0.200;P=0.295;P=0.221;P=0.080;P=0.090;P=0.050)among the validity period of control measures,such as playing the voice of Amur tiger for 1 min plus blank for 5min,placing the Amur tiger's feces with rainproof shade,using of Amur tiger's voice and feces at the same time,and placing 1501ux red,yellow and green solar blinkers.And there was a significant downward trend with playing the voice of wolf for 1min plus blank for 5min group(P=0.003).There is an upward trend with playing the voice of Amur tiger and the scream of the wild boar for 1min plus blank for 5min group(P=0.001).(3)In 2019,compared with the control group,the validity period of control in the experimental group is significantly different(P=0.001),with a mean of(21.75±5.76)and(1.67±0.58)days,respectively.The validity period of control in the playing the voice of the Amur tiger 15s and the scream of wild boar 15s plus superimposed 30s plus blank for 5min group and the placing 1501ux red solar blinkers group is longer(26.67±1.53)and(28.33±2.08)days,respectively.The shortest validity period of control in playing the voice of Amur tiger for 1min plus blank for 5min group is(13.33±2.52)days.(4)The study on the effect of the same wild boar damage control measure in 2011,2013,2016,2017,2018 and 2019 showed that there was no significant change(P=0.343;P=0.058;P=0.715;P=0.573;P=0.070;P=0.080;P=0.059;P=0.768)among the validity period of control measures,such as playing the voice of Amur tiger for 1min plus blank for 5min,Playing the voice of Amur tiger and the scream of the wild boar for 1min plus blank for 5min,add up and play the voice of the Amur tiger and the scream of wild boar for 1min plus blank for 5min,playing the voice of the Amur tiger 15s and the scream of wild boar 15s plus superimposed 30s plus blank for 5min,set up an electronic fence,and placing 1501ux red,yellow and green solar blinkers.(5)Corn loss rate and economic loss per unit area is:the lowest in the group of playing the voice of the Amur tiger 15s and the scream of wild boar 15s plus superimposed 30s plus blank for 5min,mean value is(4.41±2.24)%and(639.04±289.15)yuan respectively;higher in the group of 150lux red solar blinkers,mean value is(5.03±1.98)%and(696.66±232.42)yuan respectively;the highest in the control group,mean value is(48.33±5.42)%and(6703.38±412.20)yuan respectively.(6)The regression equation between the loss rate of corn and the number of wild boars entering the experimental sample area is Y=0.095-0.116X+0.048X2,Y represented the loss rate of corn and X represented the number of wild boars entering the sample area.(7)The eco-economic threshold of prevention and control result showed that when the number of wild boars per hectare reached(2.09±0.28)and(2.15±0.18)ind./hm2,the measures of playing the voice of the Amur tiger 15s and the scream of wild boar 15s plus superimposed 30s plus blank for 5min,and turning on 1501ux red solar blinkers should be taken respectively.(8)Playing the voice of Amur tiger and the scream of the wild boar for 1min plus blank for 5min,placing the Amur tiger's feces with rainproof shade,setting up an electronic fences,because the validity period of control is short,so it is not worth popularizing.Therefore,it is suggested to popularize and broadcast playing the voice of Amur tiger for 1min plus blank for 5min,add up and play the voice of the Amur tiger and the scream of wild boar for 1min plus blank for 5min,playing the voice of the Amur tiger 15s and the scream of wild boar 15s plus superimposed 30s plus blank for 5min,placing 1501ux red solar blinkers,placing 1501ux yellow solar blinkers,placing 150lux green solar blinkers,using of Amur tiger's voice and feces at the same time.And the number of wild boars per hectare reached(2.09±0.28)and(2.15±0.18)ind./hm2,playing the voice of the Amur tiger 15s and the scream of wild boar 15s plus superimposed 30s plus blank for 5min,and using 150lux red solar blinkers should be used respectively.This study provides support for the effective control of wild boar damages and decrease the wild boar damage control cost and benefit for the research on the other wildlife damage control. |
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