Research On Port Efficiency Of Free Trade Zone Based On Super-SBM-Tobit Model

The ports within the scope of the free trade zone,through preferential tax reduction and exemption policies,trade facilitation and investment liberalization can be improved,and ports can have more to say in shipping,market,transportation,and rule making.All of the above will promote the transformation and upgrading of ports.Under the pressure of complicated international and severe economic situation and domestic stable development and reform,the past development model of ports which attempting to increase port throughput to drive the development will be unsustainable,which not only causes a waste of resources,but also brings serious pollution to the ecological environment.Under the opportunity of the establishment of the free trade zone,by evaluating the efficiency of the ports,the result can reflect the development trend and level difference of the ports,and clarify the development direction and goals of the ports.Therefore,this paper studies the efficiency of ports in the free trade zone.Firstly,it summarizes the domestic and foreign relevant literature on port efficiency and factors affecting port efficiency.Secondly,it introduces the development trends and development status of ports in the free trade zone,and then selects the data of 2010-2017,using the Super-SBM-DEA model to evaluate the efficiency of ports in Shanghai,Tianjin,Fujian,Guangdong,Liaoning,Zhejiang,Shandong,Hebei,and Jiangsu Free Trade Zones.Finally,the Tobit regression model is used to analyze the degree of influence of factors on port efficiency.The empirical results show that after the establishment of the free trade zone,the rate of change of the comprehensive efficiency of the ports in the free trade zone increases,the overall technical efficiency value increases,and the scale efficiency value declines in the short term,indicating that the establishment of the free trade zone helps the port's development,but need a long time to indicate.By establishing the port throughput-comprehensive efficiency value matrix,it's found that there are horizontal differences among ports in the free trade zone.From the perspective of influencing factors,the establishment of the free trade zone,hinterland GDP,import and export trade volume,port throughput and high-quality talent structure all have a positive impact on thefree trade zone port efficiency,and the total amount of goods has a positive impact on scale efficiency,but negative impact on pure technical efficiency.This shows that the establishment of the free trade zone will enhance the economic development level and opening level of the port hinterland,by increasing the trade exchanges and cargo transportation,to improve the port development and upgrade the efficiency.Through the research in this article,it is helpful for the ports in the free trade zone to clarify their own positioning and determine the development direction,which enriches the theoretical research scope of the ports in the free trade zone and has practical guiding significance for the development of ports in the free trade zone.