Study On The Differences Of Rhizosphere Microbiome Among Peanut Varieties In Different Environments

The collection of microbes that live on or inside crops is called the crop microbiome,and the microbes also considered the second genome of a crop.Some studies have shown that the environment and genotype have significant effects on the crop microbes.At the same time,the microbiome also plays an important role in the efficient absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus or other nutrient elements for crops,and the enhancement of plant disease resistance and resistance to a variety of environmental stresses.Peanut is one of the most important oil and cash crops in China.The development of peanut production plays a key role in ensuring the supply of vegetable oil and protein and improving the efficiency of agricultural production.However,there have been no report on the differences in rhizosphere microbiome between peanut varieties of different environments.This study chose LuHua 1,SiLiHong and so on,in total 15 peanut varieties,planting respectively in JinJiang ChengDu,JuNan LinYi and YiZheng YangZhou.Sampled the rhizosphere soils for each peanut variety of each environment at the podding stage.High-throughput amplicon were sequenced in the V4 region of the 16s rRNA of 150 soil samples,at the same time we determined the contents of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in each soil sample.A total of 21,270 operational taxonomic units(OTUs)were obtained by amplification sequencing.The diversity analysis revealed that the environment had the greatest impact on the microbial community,followed by the differences between the peanut rhizosphere and the bulk soil microbiome,we investigated the smallest differences between peanut varieties.Then,the Co-occurrence analyses showed that in each environment,the complexity of interactions in the peanut rhizosphere microbiome is different.In addition,a total of 15 core microbiomes were obtained in this study,with the phylum Proteobacteria accounting for the largest proportion,among which 4 OTUs were Rhizobia.It was found that more than 75%of the rhizosphere soil samples co-exist a total of 537 OTUs,and 41 of them were obtained to be heritable rhizosphere microbiome by random permutation test,with the generalized hereditability ranging from 19.9%to 41.8%.These microbiomes mainly included 22 Proteobacteria and 11 Actinomycetes,of which 6 OTUs were clearly classified as Rhizobia.By taking the correlation analysis between the relative content of peanut rhizosphere microbiome and soil nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content,we identified 21 families microbiome associated with the soil nitrogen content(R2=0.47),67 families microbiome associated with the soil phosphorus content(R2=0.92),and 32 families microbiome associated with the soil potassium content(R2=0.93).These results indicated that there is a potential relationship between the peanut rhizosphere microbiome and the soil nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content.Through the functional prediction,we found that there were significant differences between different environments of the abundance of the peanut rhizosphere microbiomes associated with nitrogen utilizationThe above results showed that the environmental differences were the main factors leading to the diversity of the peanut rhizos01 phere microbiome,but the peanut genotype still had a potential effect on the abundance of the specific rhizosphere microbiome.In addition,the study also found that the rhizosphere microbiome and soil nutrients are closely related.The conclusion of this study provides some theoretical references to further research on the specific differences between peanut rhizosphere microbiome,the interaction between peanut and rhizosphere microbiome,and the application of rhizosphere microbiome in peanut production practice.