| Since the implementation of China's western development strategy,the western region has developed rapidly,the economic and social development has become increasingly demanded for groundwater,and the phenomenon of declining groundwater levels,land desertification and deterioration of the ecological environment have also followed.This article will comprehensively analyze the dynamic characteristics of the groundwater level in the Turpan Basin in time and space,and analyze the characteristics of the changes of each influencing factor and its impact on the groundwater level.A control index system for groundwater volume and water level was established in this research,further the control indexes for groundwater extraction and groundwater level were determined,and it can provide a scientific basis for the management of groundwater.This study has a positive role on the study of groundwater dynamics in the Turpan Basin and is of great significance to the protection,development,utilization and management of groundwater in the Turpan Basin.The research mainly achieved the following results:1.The depth of groundwater table in Turpan Basin has been increasing in the past 30 years.Before 2003,the groundwater level was relatively stable;from 2003 to 2013,the depth of the water level increased rapidly;after 2013,the depth tended to be gentle and gradually decreased.This phenomenon is closely related to the development and utilization of water resources.2.The groundwater level in the piedmont zone and the natural oasis area is affected by both natural and human factors,and the maximum variation within the year is less than 1m;The groundwater level in artificial oasis area is mainly affected by artificial exploitation.It decreased 4-6m in the irrigation season,rebounded from the end of the year to the beginning of the following year,and reached the highest level in March.However,it was still lower than the highest level in the previous year and showed a decreasing trend with year.The groundwater in the desert area is only regulated by natural factor,it has no big change in one year and the maximum change is only 0.1m.3.In terms of spatial distribution,the depth of the groundwater level in the basin gradually decreases from north to south.The depth of the southern basin is 0-50 m,and the depth of the northern basin is more than 50 m.During the from the period of 2011 to 2016,the groundwater level of Bostan Township in Toxon County,Grape Township in Gaochang District,and northeast of Qiketai Town in Shanshan County increased significantly,with an average annual change of more than 2m;On the other hand,the decrease of average annual water level of Aidinghu Township and Shan in Gaochang District,Lianmuqin Town and Railway Station Township of Shanxian County is greater than 2m.4.Through correlation analysis and standardized coefficient analysis,it can be determined that the main influencing factors of the groundwater level of the Turpan Basin are the exploitation amount,the field irrigation infiltration recharge amount and the channel leakage recharge amount.5.The groundwater depth of the plain area is controlled in three aspects: regional decline rate,monitoring well depth,and township surface depth.The average depth of the controlled water level in the plain area of the basin decrease gradually from 2015 to 2025,and will be stable in 2030.From 2015 to 2030,the number of townships where the groundwater level continued to decline decreased with year.By 2030,the groundwater level in all township will be stable or increase,which have a significant effect on groundwater level control. |
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