| The whole Henan Province,and some sample areas in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces were selected as the research objects.At the same time,remote sensing imagery and Arc GIS technology were used to establish and process land use type data in different periods.Quantitative analysis of soil,topographical diversity,and spatial distribution diversity of the arable land through soil diversity theory and research methods.The correlation between the natural elements and the spatial distribution of cultivated land,and conduct a comparative study of regional characteristics are fully discussed.The main conclusions are as following:(1)The north,central and south case areas of Henan province were selected respectively as the typical research areas to calculate the dynamic change of the arable land based on topographic conditions at the scale of 1km×1km grid before the correlation index was determined by using Excel and SPSS software in combination with the correlation analysis method.The results show that the spatial distribution diversity index of the arable land is higher than 0.95 in all the case study areas from different periods.The spatial distribution of the arable land presents an overall uniform state.The spatial dispersion of the terrain is mountain>hilly>plain.From the one-way analysis of variance,the spatial distribution of terrain and the arable land has a significant correlation(F=89.242>Fcrit=3.285).The relationship between terrain and the arable land spatial diversity was obtained by mutual entropy correlation analysis:the correlation between plain and the arable land spatial distribution pattern was the strongest,followed by hilly and mountain.Based on the different terrain types,diversity of the spatial distribution of the arable land change have great difference in different research areas.The change of the arable land in north Henan case area is the most stable with its low diversity index change.The arable land in central Henan case area is decreasing but its diversity index is relatively stable.The change of the arable land in south Henan case area is obvious and the diversity index fluctuates greatly in different topographic conditions.(2)Three typical research areas in northern,central,and southern regions of Henan Province,respectively,were selected to calculate the dynamic change(2001,2007,and 2017)for the arable land over time based on the topographic and soil conditions at the scale of 1 km?1 km,3 km?3 km,and 5 km?5 km grids.And the correlation index was determined using the Arc GIS and SPSS softwares in combination with the correlation analysis method.The results showed that,first,the diversity of topographic components in the northern and central Henan regions was similar,whereas that in the southern Henan region was relatively unvarying.The terrain's spatial distribution diversity of each case study area was plain>hill>mountain.Second,the soil composition in the southern Henan region was the most homogeneous and abundant,and it was relatively uniform in central Henan.The typical soil was different in each study area,but its distribution was uniform overall.Third,an important factor influencing the diversity of terrain and soil spatial distribution is at what scale it is measured,and the 3 km?3 km grid was suggested as the most suitable research scale.Fourth,the spatial distribution diversity index of the soil and terrain containing the arable land changed the area spatial distribution and had obvious relevance.Among the three regions,the plains in the topography had a high correlation of approximately 0.95.In addition,the correlation between the typical soil(such as paddy soil in southern Henan,cinnamon soil in southern and northern Henan,and fluvo-aquic soil in northern Henan)and difference in the arable land within each study area was more discernable,reaching over 0.9.Overall,the compositional diversity and spatial distribution pattern of the topography and soil factors were significantly different in the representative study areas.Using a different grid scale,the difference in the arable land area is closely related to the spatial distribution diversity index of the topography and soil factors.(3)In order to explore the relationship between among the arable land,soil and terrain,Henan Province was selected as the provincial research area by using the modified Shannon entropy measure and mutual entropy correlation analysis method to analyze the characteristics and relevance of the diversity patterns of soil,terrain and the arable land of Henan Province.The results show that the diversity of terrain and soil composition of 18 cities in Henan Province is highly related to the richness number of the corresponding element,but irrelevant to the size of its area.The correlation coefficients of terrain,soil and number of the related element categories were 0.79 and 0.35 respectively,but the correlation coefficient with area was only less than 0.1.In addition,the correlation coefficient between terrain spatial diversity and area of Henan Province reaches as high to 0.8.According to the classification of soil spatial distribution diversity index(Y_h),the dominant soils in Henan Province are Chao soil(Hapli Aquic Cambosol)and Cinnamon soil(Hapli Ustic Argosol)while the inferior soils are Saline soil(Salty Aquic Cambosol)and Alkaline soil(Natric Aquic Cambosol).And the spatial distribution pattern of soil diversity in different cities has significant differences,reflecting the richness of the soils in Henan Province.The correlation between among soil,terrain and arable land is as follows:the correlation order between topography and spatial distribution of the arable land is plain>hilly>mountain,except for the basin in the south of Henan.And that between the spatial distribution of soil and the arable land is basically consistent with the spatial distribution pattern of soil in Henan Province.(4)Soil and topography are the very significant natural elements,and fully related to the arable land.The modified Shannon entropy formula was conducted to explore the diversity characteristics of soil,landform and arable land and their correlations.The results showed that the number of soil types in Henan Province was more abundant than others.The soil types in Rugao,Ningbo and Zhuji were simply single.The spatial distribution diversity characteristics of the soils in Kaifeng were the most volatile and the spatial distribution of the soils were relatively stable.The spatial distribution diversity of landform in Henan and Jiangsu Provinces was the most uniform under slopes?2?and 2??6?,while that in Zhejiang Province was uniform under slopes 2??6?and 6??15?.The diversity index values were all above 0.9.The correlation between the arable land and landform slope had the same regularity.Among the landform types,the spatial distribution of the plains was the most uniform and its correlation with arable land was the strongest.The area of arable land decreased with time,while the spatial distribution characteristics of arable land was stable completely.For fluvo-aquic soil and paddy soil,the spatial distribution diversity of arable land was the most uniform.The high correlation comparatively was found in the spatial distribution of fluvo-aquic soil,paddy soil and arable land. |
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