Characteristics Of Diversity Patterns And The Related Correlative Analysis For The Soil Parent Material And Other Multi-natural Factors In Henan Province

As an important component of land resources,the occurrence and differentiation and spatial distribution of soil is of great significance to the basic research and management of land resources.The classical theory of soil genesis by Dookuchayev explains the characteristics of soil formation and distribution from the five soil forming factors such as climate,biology,parent material,topography and time.As the most basic element,parent material plays a decisive role during the process of soil formation.Using remote sensing and geographic information technology,this paper takes Henan province as the study area and obtains the date of parent material,soil,topography and other multi-natural factors,and using the theories and methods of pedodiversity for reference,it analyzes the characteristics of diversity patterns for parent material and other multi-natural factors such as the parent rock,soil and topography in Henan,and measures the correlation between them through parameters such as correlation coefficient.(1)To obtain the characteristics of parent material,the parent materials of study area are divided into the following 17 types: proluvial,river and lake sediments,Malan loess and so on,after removing the factors that cannot be classified as water system and lakes.These 17 kinds of parent material distribution are relatively uniform,and the constituent diversity index is 0.84.(2)In order to explore the relationship between the parent material and the condition of soil development in Henan Province,the parent material data and soil data were superimposed to analyze the development of different soil types on the parent material.And the correlation coefficients were used to analyze the parent material diversity and pedodiversity,the results showed that there was a strong correlation between parent material diversity and pedodiversity,and the correlation coefficients are basically positively related to the area of public plaques of the parent material and different soils,while there are still a few exceptions.(3)To obtain the characteristics of the diversity of parent rocks and explore the relationship between the diversity of parent material and parent rock,this study got the simulation distribution of parent rocks through processing of geological data of Henan.The parent rocks of study area were divided into four types as sedimentary rock,metamorphic rock,igneous rock and alluvial rock.The alluvial rock had the largest area(64.78%)and the highest spatial diversity index(0.9564).The results of overlay analysis showed that the number of soil parent material species produced from the parent rock decreases with the decrease of the parent rock area.The component diversity of parent material on different parent rocks not only depended on the area of parent rocks,but also related to the proportion of different parent material developed from the corresponding parent rocks.(4)In order to explore the relationship between the diversity of parent material and topography,this study obtained the distribution of topography by analyzing the DEM data of Henan before.The results of the superposition analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the area of parent material and the index of spatial distribution diversity under different topographic conditions.The correlation coefficient between topography diversity and parent material diversity and the spatial distribution diversity of parent material,can be both used to characterize the distribution of different parent materials under different topography types,and the two variation trends are highly consistent.(5)Through the analysis of the diversity characteristics of parent material and other natural elements and their correlation analysis,it's found that under different topographical conditions,the process of parent rocks developing into parent material and the process of parent material developing into different soils are both complex.In addition to the physical and chemical properties of the parent rocks and parent material,environmental factors such as topography also have a great influence on this process.In summary,during the process of soil formation,the parent material and other natural elements such as soil,parent rock,and topography are closely related to each other,and jointly affecting the spatial pattern of geodiversity.