| Stropharia,Protostropharia and Hemistropharia in northeast China were researched in taxonomy and molecular phylogeny.In taxonomy,twelve species of Stropharia(Fr.)W.Saunders & W.G.Sm.are described,namely Stropharia scabella(Zeller)E.J.Tian com.nov.,Stropharia hornemannii S.Lundell & Nannf.,Stropharia hardii G.F.Atk.,Stropharia lignicola E.J.Tian sp.nov.,Stropharia aeruginosa(Curtis)Quél.,Stropharia aeruginosa var.earthwormia T.X.Meng & T.Bau,Stropharia aeruginosa f.brunneola Hongo,Stropharia rugosoannulata Farl.ex Murrill,Stropharia rugosoannulata f.lutea Hongo,Stropharia coronilla(Bull.)W.Saunders & W.G.Sm.,Stropharia halophila Pacioni,Stropharia jilinensis T.Bau & E.J.Tian.Two species of Protostropharia Redhead,Moncalvo & Vilgalys,namely Protostropharia semiglobata(Batsch)Redhead,Moncalvo & Vilgalys,Protostropharia dorsipora(Esteve-Rav.& Barrasa)Redhead.Two species of Hemistropharia Jacobsson & E.Larsson.,namely Hemistropharia albocrenulata(Peck)Jacobsson & E.Larsson,Hemistropharia subalbocrenulata Z.B.Zhao & E.J.Tian.In these species,there are two new species,namely Stropharia lignicola E.J.Tian sp.nov.,Hemistropharia subalbocrenulata Z.B.Zhao & E.J.Tian.There are a record new to China Stropharia hardii G.F.Atk..There are a new combination Stropharia scabella(Zeller)E.J.Tian.There is a record new to Jilin Stropharia hornemannii.The above classification units are described in detail,drawings,and a key to species of Stropharia and a key to species of Protostropharia and a key to species of Hemistropharia were provided.The phylogenetic analysis of all of the above species based on ITS,LSU and combination of both using Bayesian analysis were provided.The results based on molecular phylogeny are consistent with that based on morphology.The trial results verify Stropharia coronilla(Bull.)W.Saunders & W.G.Sm.that has been in Psilocybe should be in Stropharia.The relationship between Stropharia halophila Pacioni,Stropharia corronilla,Stropharia rugosoannulata f.lutea Hongo and Stropharia jilinensis T.Bau & E.J.Tian is discussed.The relationship between Stropharia,Protostropharia and Hemistropharia is clarified.The biological characteristics and preliminary cultivation of some species of related genera in northeast China were studied.And draw conclusions of the most suitable growth conditions.Sucrose or glucose was the most suitable carbon source for the tested strains,yeast or peptone was the most suitable nitrogen source for the tested strains,the optimum temperature is 20~25,The optimal p H is 6.0~8.0.An orthogonal experiment is carried out to achieve the conditions for optimum growth.The 25℃,sucrose,beef extract are best conditions for optimum growth for No.1.The 25℃,maltose,peptone are best conditions for optimum growth for No.2.The 25℃,glucose,yeast are best conditions for optimum growth for No.3.The 25℃,sucrose,yeast are best conditions for optimum growth for No.4.The 30℃,maltose,peptone are best conditions for optimum growth for No.5.The 30℃,maltose,beef extract are best conditions for optimum growth for No.6.The 30℃,maltose,yeast are best conditions for optimum growth for No.7.The 20℃,glucose,yeast are best conditions for optimum growth for No.8.The 20℃,maltose,peptone are best conditions for optimum growth for No.9.The 25℃,maltose,beef extract are best conditions for optimum growth for No.10.All strains were tested for domestication and cultivation,two species were in fruiting,Pholiota terrestris Overh.,Formula for optimum cultivation is 87% bits of wood,10% wheat bran,1% suger,1% lime,1% plaster.Pholiota limonella(Peck)Sacc.,Formula for optimum cultivation is 87% bits of wood,10% wheat bran,1% suger,1% lime,1% plaster. |
