Development Of Combined Non-driven Rice Straw Press-Buried Machine Based On Saline-alkali Soil Control Technology

Rice is the largest grain crop in China,whose planting mode mainly includes transplanting seeding and direct seeding.Both of them have strict requirements on the condition of planting surface.Under the condition of no straw mulch and low stubble height,the traditional tillage and preparation method can meet the technical requirements of tillage and preparation before transplanting seedlings or direct seeding of paddy fields by tillage or rotary tillage followed by paddy field soaking and paddy field harrow or beater.Recent years,with the development of new agronomic technology for returning rice straw to the field fully,traditional plough or rotary tiller farmland machinery and paddy harrow and beater are not suitable for the new agronomic technology requirements,which has a great impact on the technical links of rice mechanized planting.The design and development of paddy field tillage and land preparation machine adapted to the requirements of new agricultural technology are not only of important theoretical significance,but also the technology and equipment that must be solved under the current rice planting conditions,which has more important practical significance.Baicheng area of Jilin Province is a typical area of soda saline-alkali land in Northeast China.It is an important measure to realize ecological control of soda saline-alkali land by using engineering means to fertilize soil with crop straw,and burying straw stubble at the bottom of plough layer to form straw barrier,effectively preventing the bottom saline-alkali uplift.Aiming at the new agronomic and technical requirements of rice straw returning to the field fully and the ecological control of soda saline-alkali land in Northeast China,this paper designs and manufactures a combined non-driving rice straw stubble embedding machine based on organic fertilization technology,which overcomes the problem of entanglement and blockage of working parts of driving tillage and land preparation machinery and meets the requirements of rice transplanting machine for pond field conditions under the condition of full straw mulching,by means of using tractor traction power only,through the organic combination of different working parts.The main research contents and results are as follows:1.The investigation and field test of new technology of rice straw returning fully.This paper investigates and analyses the technology of returning rice straw to the field and the agronomic requirement of mechanized transplanting rice seedlings in Baicheng area,and tests the straw stubble condition and soil physical properties of the field surface.The way of full return is to lay straw on the ground in a state of rubbing disorder or complete transverse stripping after the operation of full-seed or semi-feed rice combine harvester,and the height of stubble is relatively high.The amount of continuous straw returned to the field is7500Kg/hm~2.The height of stubble is 95mm.Soil moisture content is 27%.The soil PH value is 9.4.2.The designing and fabrication of a combined non-driving rice straw stubble embedding machine.Based on the investigation and test results of physical properties of straw,stubble and soil in the field,the structural parameters of the whole machine and its components are determined.In this paper,the three-dimensional solid design of the combined non-driven rice straw stubble burying machine is completed by using Solid Works software.According to the new agronomic characteristics of rice straw returning to the field and the agronomic technical requirements of rice mechanized transplanting.Three working parts are designed,i.e.star wheel type soil mixing roll,disk type straw pressing roll and round hole type stubble pulping roll.The working width of the machine is 1800 mm,the diameter of the stirring roller is 600 mm,the diameter of the disc straw roller is 750 mm,and the diameter of the round hole stubble roller is65 mm.3.The fabrication of prototype and field test.This paper designs and manufactures the test prototype of the combined non-driving rice straw stubble embedding machine.Combining the technical method of returning the straw to the field and the results of field test and analysis,the test conditions and scheme of the combined non-driving rice straw stubble embedding machine are put forward.The soaking time is not less than 24 hours and the average surface water depth is 80-100 mm.Field tests and tests are carried out on the test prototype by combining different working parts.The straw embedding rate of disc type straw roller is 85%,and the stubble embedding depth is 198 mm.The experimental results show that the combined non-driving rice straw stubble embedding machine satisfies the operation requirements of the new technology of full return of rice straw to the field,and forms the straw partition layer,which achieves the design purpose.The research content of this paper has important theoretical and practical significance for further promoting the application of rice straw fully returning technology and enhancing the effect of saline-alkali land ecological control.