Effects Of Planting Years And Branches Returning To The Field On Soil And Grape Quality In Saline-alkali Soil

The resource utilization technology of grape branches returning to the field can make use of agricultural waste resources effectively.It is in significance not only in the improvement of the wine grape salinization in Ningxia but also in improving the quality and yield of wine grape.It can provide theoretical basis and technical support to solve the problem of soil salinization.In this study,field experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of grape branches returning to the field and planting years on the content of the soil physical properties,chemical properties,microorganisms and the quality of wine grape.The main results are as follows:1.Field experiment I were carried out by means of grape branches returnings to the field,including no cover(CK),branches covering(T1),mechanical rotary tillage into(T2),making bio-organic fertilizer into(T3),making biochar into(T4).Compared with the control(CK),the soil physical,chemical properties and wine grape quality in saline-alkali soil could be significantly improved by different methods of grape branches returning.Returning branches to the field can effectively increase the soil water content.With the increase of soil depth,bulk density basically shows a gradually decreasing trend.While the total porosity was opposite to the change trend of soil bulk density.Except for T4,T1,T2 and T3 treatments could reduce soil pH and alkalinity to different degrees.T3 treatment had a good effect on the reduction of soil total salt content.All the ways of branches returning to the field reduced soil total salt content to a certain extent.The reduction effect was more significant at 0-20 cm.The branches returning to the field could reduce the content of various anions.Branches returning to the field can improve the soil nutrient content.The nutrient content is different with branches returning to the field.T3 treatment could significantly increase the contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus and rapidly available potassium.There was no significant effect on the soluble solids of wine grape treated by different branches returning to the field.But the titratable acid content goes up.It is shown as:T1>T2>T4>T3.It was found that the titratable acid content were 12.90%,9.68%,4.84%and 8.06%higher than that of control.The contents of total phenols,anthocyanins and tannins in grape were significantly increased.2.Field experiment I were carried out by means of planting years to the field,including CK(waste land),Y1(1 year),Y2(5 years)and Y3(10 years).The results show that the groundwater depth increases with the planting years.It was found that the Y1,Y2 and Y3 treatments were decreased by 21.82%,25.45%and 31.82%sa compared to the control.The soil pH and total salt content showed a decreasing trend with the increase of soil depth.With the increase of planting years,soil nutrient content increased.With the increase of soil depth in the same planting years,soil nutrients showed a downward trend.The activities of urease,sucrase and phosphatase increased with the increase of planting years,and decreased with the depth of the section.The activities of catalase showed a decreasing trend with the increase of soil depth and planting years.With the increase of soil depth and planting years,the total number of microorganisms gradually decreased.With the increase of soil depth,the total number of bacteria,fungi,and actinomycetes decreased in Y1,Y2,and Y3 treatments.