Effects Of Different Organic Fertilizers On Soil Microecology,Yield And Quality Of Kiwifruit

Bio-organic fertilizer is a formula fertilizer that adds exogenous microorganisms after the harmless treatment of traditional organic fertilizers.The liquid carbon-based fertilizer is a new type of fertilizer developed by Professor Liu Cunshou of the Northwest A&F University.The main process is to use biogas slurry and straw as raw materials to dissolve raw materials by adding catalysts,and to add various organic substances that are more conducive to plant absorption.A coordination element,also known as a carbon-based total nutrient fertilizer.In order to compare the effects of two fertilizers on the soil,yield and quality of kiwifruit orchard,this study selected mature kiwifruit orchard for field experiment and designed 5 different bio-organic fertilizer treatments(500kg/mu,1000kg/mu,2000kg/mu,4000kg/mu,8000kg/mu)and carbon-based nutrient treatment(20kg/mu),and apply fertilizer(nitrogen 20kg/mu,phosphorus 10kg/mu,potassium 15kg/mu)during the expansion period of kiwi fruit.By measuring soil microbes,soil physical and chemical properties,kiwi fruit quality,yield and other indicators,try to find the optimal formula for fertilization suitable for in situ soil ecology.The test results show that:(1)Based on OTU and species-based correlation analysis,the results showed that higher concentration of bio-organic fertilizer treatment(T4K,T8K)and carbon-based nutrition treatment had a significant impact on Alpha diversity index at OTU level,and microbial populations tended to be larger and more complex.This trend is reflected in the response of phylum,genus and species level,which results in the strengthening of functional bacteria and the weakening of harmful bacteria,and improves the resistance of soil microecology,and this process is completely the result of natural selection.The effects of organic-inorganic fertilization on the above results were not significant.The lack of organic-inorganic fertilization improved the species uniqueness and reduced the overlap between treatments.(2)Bio-organic fertilizer T4000,T8000,TC and topdressing chemical fertilizer plots in these three plots have significantly improved the stability of soil aggregation structure and porosity value,reduced soil bulk density value,and is conducive to water storage and moisture conservation.(3)The responses of soil total nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,availablepotassium and available phosphorus to different fertilization treatments were basically the same.Liquid carbon-based fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer > high concentration bio-organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer > low concentration bio-organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer > single formula fertilizer.Due to the unique formula of carbon-based fertilizer,the increase of soil total carbon and organic matter was significantly higher than that of non-carbon-based fertilizer plot,and the trace element composition of TC plot changed from free state to organic chelating state obviously compared with other plots.It was also found that when the soil organic matter content was at the level of bio-organic fertilizer 4K,the rising trend began to stop,and the fertility tended to be saturated.(4)Based on the results of leaf area index(LAI)and photosynthetic rate of kiwifruit,there were obvious negative effects of topdressing chemical fertilizer on the improvement of leaf biomass,especially LAI of kiwifruit.The results of the first fertilization were as follows: 4K treatment of bio-organic fertilizer 8K treatment of bio-organic fertilizer carbon and nutrition treatment other fertilization treatments.(5)The effects of different fertilization treatments on fruit quality were obvious.The soluble solids content of kiwifruit fruit ranged from high to low;the levels of bio-organic Fertilizer-Chemical fertilizer,liquid carbon-based Fertilizer-Chemical fertilizer,carbon-based fertilizer and other fertilizers at 4K and above.It was also found that the dry matter and hardness index of kiwifruit decreased with the increase of bio-organic fertilizer concentration,which had adverse effects on the long-term storage of kiwifruit at low temperature.(6)The application of bio-organic fertilizer and liquid carbon-based fertilizer has a great effect on the field yield of kiwifruit.The effect of TC plot is much greater than that of other fertilizer plots,and the field yield is positively correlated with the concentration of bio-organic fertilizer.Topdressing chemical fertilizer also improved the index to some extent,and there were individual differences in data results.