| With the enhancement of the living level and the gradual enhancement of health consciousness,ecological agriculture has become an important direction for sustainable agriculture development.The intensive and continuous planting of facility vegetables,and the large use of chemical reagents caused the soil-borne disease to outbreak a lot in the field,which seriously damaged the ecological environment,and threatened the production and quality of the crops.Bio-organic fertilizer can recycle agricultural waste,improve the soil ecological environment,and effectively control the occurrence of soil-borne diseases,which meet the requirements for the sustainable development of ecological agriculture.This dissertation aims to evaluate the disease prevention ability of continuous application of bio-organic fertilizers,to analyze the construction mechanism of induced low disease soil microbial communities,subsequently to provide new ideas for the control of tomato bacterial wilt,and new pattern for development of the healthy and sustainable agriculture.In this research,field experiment using tomato as model plant was eatablished to investigate the disease suppression ability of continuously application of bio-organic fertilizer containing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens T-5.We focused on the effect of continuous application of bio-organic fertilizer on the tomato bacterial wilt,yield,plant growth,and the essential physiochemical properties of soil;on the effects of continuous application of bio-organic fertilizer on the soil microbial community;and on the assembly process and driven force of microbial community in managed suppressive soil.The following results are obtained:1.Compared to treatments applied with organic fertilizer(OF)and chemical fertilizaer(CF)treatments,and non-fertilization control(CK),continually application of bio-organic fertilizer effectively suppressed tomato bacterial wilt,promoted plant growth and enhanced crop yields.For the 6th season,bacterial wilt incidences of all fertilizer treatments were significantly lower than that of the blank control(CK),and none significant difference was observed among fertilizer treatments;for the 7th season,the tomato bacterial wilt of BIO treatment decreased by 30.31%,45.88%and 55.34%as compared to OF,CF and CK treatment,respectively;for the 8th season,because of the low temperature in winter and freezing injury,there is no bacterial wilt incidence;for the 9th season,the tomato bacterial wilt of BIO treatment decreased by 25.69%?20.30%and 51.33%as compared to OF,CF and CK treatment,respectively.Continually application of bio-organic fertilizer significantly increased tomato yields.For the 6th season,the yield in BIO treatment increased by 5.65%?16.36%and 68.89%compared to OF,CF and CK treatments,respectively;for the 7nd season,the value increased by 8.74%,25.62%and 47.41%,respectively;for the 8th season,the value increased by 40.21%and 34.39%as compared to OF and CF treatment,respectively;for the 9th season,the value increased by 7.48%,23.21%and 189.5%as compared to OF,CF and CK treatment,respectively.At the same time,compared to others,BIO can promote the growth of tomato and improve soil physical and chemical structure.2.The application of different fertilizers resulted in different microbial community based on the high throughput sequencing analysis using MiSeq platform.The result showed the Gemmatimonadetes,Sphingobium and other king OTUs which showed negative correlation with tomato bacterial wilt are increased in the low disease soil induced by bio-organic fertilizer application but increased in the high disease soil induced by chemical fertilizer.On the contrary,the BRCl,Gp3 and other OTUs which have positive correlation with tomato bacterial wilt were decreased in low disease incidence soil by bio-organic fertilizer application but increased in high disease soil induced by chemical fertilizer.3.Testing for phylogenetic signal using Mantel correlograms revealed significant correlations between differences in OTU environmental optima and OTU phylogenetic distances for bacteria and fungi across relatively short phylogenetic distance.Analyses of community phylogenetic turnover among soil samples revealed that soil EC was the main predictors to influenc bacteria constraction.In summary,bio-organic fertilizer continuous application could effectively and steadily inhibit the occurrence of the bacteria wilt,increase the yield and promote the plant growth,alter the soil microbiome and change the soil physicochemical properties.Changes in the magnitude of soil EC was the main predictors to influenc bacteria constraction,respectively. |
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