A Preliminary Study Of Sequence Polymorphism Of A Hypoxic Adaptive Gene EPAS1 In The Rhesus Macaques(Macaca Mulatta)

Rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta)is a non-human primates which is the most extensive in the world and China,we used it as object to explore the evolution of hypoxic adaptation.Through analysised and comparisoned the differences of the number of SNPS between rhesus macaquess and human though NCBI SNP data.We amplified 22 sequence fragments which include 100 SNPs of EPAS1 gene of rhesus macaques by nest-PCR,and analysis the genetic variation and examine the genetic evolution selection about the EPAS1 gene of rhesus macaques,we hoped what we do could provide molecular research evidence for further study on the hypoxia adaptation mechanism of rhesus macaques.The results of this study are as follows:1)We amplified 22 sequence fragments from multiple samples,and found there were83 new polymorphic sites that were not publish on NCBI,of these,41% of these sites had specific alleles which only exist in high altitude samples.2)About the 100 SNP sites which had been published on NCBI,in our experiment,we found out 34 SNPS that were been detected polymorphism in this experiment,it was important to note that the specific alleles at 13 of these sites only detected in high-altitude samples.In addition,in exon 15,the high-altitude population has a preference for GT genotype(P=0.028,<0.05).3)About rs286734224 which in PG3,this site in high altitude population had 5 sites close it but there were independent to each other,in low altitude population rs286734224 and rs307462504 highly interlinked.rs303235021,and rs1941047 they are respectively local in PG5 and PG8,in high altitude populations the site which close to them had highly chain of each other,but low altitude populations between the site were independent of each other.4)The locus of chromosome 13 in rhesus macaques,there were 47074767(G/T),47074769(G/C)and 47074772(T/C),The TCC genotypes of these three sites only exist in high altitude populations..Rs289387673(T/C),combine the results of allele frequency,heterozygosity and genetic differentiation were shown T allele was more capable for environmental need,Whether it's low oxygen or oxygen.The T allele of rs292834672 and the A allele of rs303235021 were only found in high-altitude populations,and associated with hypoxia.In conclusion,living in different altitude populations of rhesus monkeys EPAS1 gene SNP has different representation,especially in high altitude populations of rhesus monkeys EPAS1 genes in order to meet the low oxygen,which appear more adapt to unique SNP.