Nine Chapters Of Mathematical Books And The Study Of Military Mathematics In The Song Dynasty

Economic development in the Song Dynasty,scientific and technological progress.Many scientific and technological achievements were at the forefront of the world.The Song Dynasty official attached importance to the development of mathematics,a large number of mathematicians,such as Jia Xian,Liu Yi,Shen Kuo,Qin Jiuyi and Yang Hui,have emerged.Their theory and methods of arithmetic book are closely related to social production,reality of life,for the purpose of application.The application of printing provides an important basis for the transmission and development of athematic.Jia Xian created Jia Xian’s Triangle and zeng-cheng method for the extraction of roots.The zeng-cheng method for the extraction of roots is the positive root method of seeking higher power.Yang Hui not only created “Yang Hui’s triangle” but also “Stacking accumulation method” on the basis of Jia Xian’s triangle.Qin Jiushao’s “Mathematical Treatise in Nine Chapters” contains eighty-one mathematical problems of nine types.His main achievement is the creation of Dayanshu.He has passed many examples in “Mathematical Treatise in Nine Chapters”,such as “Governing the calendar and performing the period ”,“collecting product to find the source”,“Pushing the soil”,“measuring the land by the journey”,show the extensive application of Da Yan Shu in solving practical problems such as calendar,engineering,servitude and military.In addition,on the basis of Jia Xian’s zeng-cheng method for the extraction of roots,Qin Jiushao created an algorithm for solving general higher-order equations,namely positive and negative open square surgery.During the Southern Song Dynasty,wars between Song and Jin Dynasty and Song and Meng Dynasty continued,and Qin Jiushao also felt the destructive power brought by the war.Therefore,the eighth chapter of the book of Mathematical Treatise in Nine Chapters,was set up as a “armies” chapter,which contained most of Qin Jiushao’ s mathematical ideas,such as the “armamental power” calculation problem solved by proportionality;the “armies corvee” calculation problem solved by the average transmission;the “calculation camp” calculation problem solved by Shaoguang;The creation of military uniforms is a calculation problem;there is also an originality,measuring the land by the journey,which is solved by Da Yan Shu.We mainly focus on the arithmetic related to the military,and have a glimpse of the mathematics,arithmetic and its significance and value contained in Mathematical Treatise in Nine Chapters.