Remote Sensing Assessment Of Coastal Eco-environment And Eco-construction Of Coastal Line In Shanghai

Marine resources have brought great economic value to mankind,and the state has paid more and more attention to the development of marine resources.However,due to the growing population,various pollutants are discharged into the marine zone and marine areas,and marine resources are damaged.Correct measurement of coastal ecological environment quality can provide suggestions for government decision-making and realize sustainable development of coastal environment,economy and society.In order to measure the environmental quality of coastal zone correctly and provide suggestions for the protection and restoration of Shanghai coastline,based on the remote sensing data released by Shanghai Oceanic Bureau in January 2017,this paper establishes land use patches by using spatial analysis tools of ArcGIS 10.3.1 software and visual interpretation,and carries out statistical analysis,and obtains land use types within 3 km of Shanghai coastline.The coastal zone is divided into five regions: Baoshan District,Pudong New Area 1,Pudong New Area 2,Fengxian District and Jinshan District,with Dazhihe River as the boundary in the interior of Pudong New Area.Based on the analysis of land use status in various regions,the ecological environment assessment based on remote sensing was carried out.According to the results of coastal ecological environment assessment and the survey and statistics of coastline in Shanghai,the ecological construction scheme of coastline in Shanghai and the suggestions for improvement and restoration were put forward.In this paper,2813 patches were established by 17 land use types/vegetation cover,and the patch information of Baoshan District,Pudong New Area,Fengxian District and Jinshan District were analyzed respectively.Among the current situation of land use in the coastal zone of each region,the highest land use types in Baoshan District,Pudong New Area 1,Pudong New Area 2,Fengxian District and Jinshan District are 37.74% of industrial land,31.46% of arable land,49.43% of arable land,43.94% of arable land and 31.16% of industrial land.The dispersion degree of each land use type in each area is calculated,which reflects the disparity of the proportion of each land use type in each area.The types of land used in different regions are warehouse land,grassland,cultivated land,industrial land and residential areas.The consistency between the classification map and all the pixels in the reference image is evaluated by accuracy,and the overall accuracy is 84.64%.Based on land use information and 17 land use types as evaluation factors,a remote sensing evaluation system of coastal ecological environment was established.The weight of each evaluation index was obtained by expert consultation and analytic hierarchy process.The comprehensive evaluation value of each area was calculated by weight and the proportion of each factor in each area.According to the results of coastal ecological environment assessment,the value of Baoshan coastal zone is the lowest,which is-0.0765.According to the evaluation criteria,the ecological environment of Baoshan coastal zone is in a poor state,followed by Jinshan coastal zone,whose evaluation result is-0.0537,and the ecological environment of coastal zone is also in a poor state.The second is Pudong New Area 1.The evaluation result is 0.0912.The coastal ecological environment is in good condition.The evaluation result of Pudong New Area 2 is 0.0965.The coastal ecological environment is in good condition.The coastal ecological environment of Fengxian District is the best in these areas,and the evaluation result is 0.1123.Combined with the evaluation results of 3 km in each area and the situation that the coastline environment has been destroyed,artificial coastline has been increasing and natural coastline has been decreasing.Based on the coastline survey and statistics project in Shanghai,this paper judges the utilization degree of the coastline in Shanghai,combines the utilization type of the coastline in Shanghai,and puts forward the scheme of strict protection,restriction of development and renovation of the coastline according to the natural form of the coastline.This paper describes in detail the strictly protected shoreline of Shanghai coastline,the restricted development shoreline and the renovated shoreline.According to the type and development degree of coastline,the coastline ecological construction is carried out,among which the coastline strictly protected are: the coastline protected by Chen Xing water source,the coastline protected by Shanghai Binjiang Forest Park,the coastline protected by Nanhuizui Wetland,the coastline protected by Fengxian Bay Forest Park and the coastline protected by Fengxianhua Electric Ash Dam;the coastline restricted by development is the northern coastline of Chen Xing water source and the coastline protected by Gutai Wetland.The Park and Wusong Port Line,the coastline near Sanjia Port,the northern coastline of Nanhuizui Port,the eastern coastline of Luchao Port and the Fengxian Shoal Line;the coastlines for renovation and rehabilitation include the coastline of Baoshan Port Area,the coastline of Waigaoqiao Port Area in Shanghai,the coastline of Dongtan Beach of Nanhui,the coastline of Fengxian Port near Nanhuizui and the coastline of Fengxian Industrial Port and the coastline of Jinshan Fengxian.Referring to the research methods at home and abroad,the technical schemes of beach maintenance,dam demolition,wetland vegetation planting,siltation promotion,beach protection and ecological bank protection are put forward.To provide suggestions for the coastline renovation project in Shanghai.The Shanghai Coastline Survey adopts a combination of points(control point measurement,shoreline feature point measurement,etc.),line(coastal coastal survey),and surface(remote sensing interpretation)combined with stereoscopic observation methods,supplemented by multidisciplinary and long-term The comprehensive analysis of the coastline historical data of the sequence obtains the distribution status and variation law of the resource characteristics of the coastline in Shanghai.Shanghai's mainland coastline is about 213.05 km,mainly consisting of fishery shoreline,industrial shoreline,port shoreline,tourist shoreline,urban construction shoreline,other utilization shoreline and unused shoreline.The south bank of the Yangtze River estuary is 122.43 km long,with the exception of fisheries,industry,ports,tourism,urban construction,other utilization shorelines and unused shorelines,which account for 22.49%,5.66%,and 6.51,respectively.%,0.90%,37.78% and 26.66%.The north bank of Hangzhou Bay is 90.62 km long,of which urban construction,fishery,tourism,industry,port,other utilization and unused use account for 2.91%,22.51%,18.54%,9.02%,13.71%,and 33.31% of the total length of the North Shore,respectively.The total length of the natural coastline of Shanghai is about 26786.2m,accounting for 12.57% of the total length of the coastline.In view of the ecological environment of coastal zones in different regions,a series of restoration suggestions are put forward from the perspective of government planning and construction.Overall,the coastal zone of Shanghai should adhere to sustainable development,adhere to the harmonious coexistence of man and nature,and pay attention to the overall planning of urban and rural areas.Implement the main functional areas(such as industrial development zones,main urban areas,etc.),expand the ecological space(such as the establishment of coastal landscape belt),guarantee agricultural space(such as maintaining and safeguarding the existing agricultural scope of Pudong New Area and Fengxian District),and optimize urban space(such as demolishing illegal buildings in Baoshan old urban areas).As for the coastal zone of Baoshan and Jinshan,the proportion of industrial land area is relatively high.Riverside coastal industries should be strictly controlled,new high energy-consuming and polluting industries such as steel,heavy chemical and petroleum should be strictly restricted,exit mechanism of polluting enterprises should be improved,transformation and upgrading of industrial zones should be promoted,industrial functions of scientific and technological innovation should be fostered,and urban vitality and employment services should be enhanced.For the Pudong New Area and Fengxian District,the arable land area accounts for the highest proportion.We should optimize the agricultural space,delimit the red line of permanent basic farmland protection,and strengthen the construction of farmland forest network,along roads and Riverside Forest land.In terms of structure,space and function,the compound utilization of agricultural land should be strengthened.Develop urban high-quality agriculture and promote the integration of agriculture and other industries.