| Wolbachia is a gram-negative intracellular symbiotic group that is transmitted by the mother and is transmitted by eggs.It is widely distributed in various arthropods such as insects and aphids,and simultaneously infects some nematodes.Biology has many effects,mainly regulating the reproductive mode of the host,including causing cytoplasmic incompatibility(CI),parthenogenesis(PI),feminization(F),and Male-killing(MK)and so on.Parasitoids are numerous,large and widely distributed.They are natural enemies of a variety of agricultural and forestry pests such as locusts,which play an irreplaceable role in the prevention and control of harmful insects in agriculture and forestry and the maintenance of ecological balance.According to related reports,parasitic wasps are a group of symbiotic bacteria.The symbiotic microorganisms carried in the body mainly include Wolbachia,Rickettsia,Cardinium,Buchnera,etc.Among them,Wolbachia is the most widely distributed in parasitic wasps,and has the most significant influence on host biological characteristics.An abnormality that causes parasitic wasps to behave.Related studies have detected the presence of Wolbachia in a variety of parasitic wasps,but their detection is based on single gene amplification and analysis such as wsp and 16s rDNA,and the results lack reliability.In this study,phylogenetic tree was constructed by using wsp and multilocus sequence typing(MLST)method.Wolbachia was detected,analyzed and stereotyped in 17 parasitic wasps from different regions,and passed by parasitic wasps and Wolbachia.The evolutionary relationship of genes was compared to explore the way Wolbachia spreads in parasitic wasps.The main results are listed as follows:(1)The parasitic wasp species collected from 10 locations in Fujian,Hunan,Hubei and Anhui provinces were initially identified,with a total of 5 families,10 genera and 17 species of parasitic wasps.The specific results are as follows:1 species of the Eupelmidae family,1 species of the Encyrtidae family,2 species of the Entytomidae family,5 species of the Torymidae family,and 8 species of the Eulophidae family.This paper also provides the specimen collection information and geographical distribution of 2 tribes,5 genera and 8 species of gall wasps.(2)Wolbachia infection was detected by Wolbachia wsp gene specific primers in 203 individuals from 5 families,10 genera and 17 species of Hunan etc.province.The results showed that 8 species of parasitic wasp infected Wolbachia.The highest infection rate is Torymus sinensis and Sycophila sp.,the two infection rates were 100%,and the lowest infection rate is Megastigmus nipponicus,the infection rate is 31.3%.(3)A total of 34 MLST alleles were obtained from multi-locus sequence typing(MLST)analysis of Wolbachia infected by 13 parasitic wasps in four provinces of Hunan and other provinces,9 of which were new alleles:gatB gene Two were obtained,one for cox A gene,two for hcpA gene,one for ftsZ gene,three new alleles for fbpA gene,and four new ST sequence types.Five MLST genes(gatB,hcpA,ftsZ,coxA,fbpA)were detected and amplified by six species of parasitic wasps.These six new lines belong to the A group and the B group.The analysis of CO I gene and MLST typing of the combined parasitic wasps showed that the phylogenetic relationships between the six strains of Wolbachia and the parasitoid host were inconsistent.Therefore,the possibility of horizontal propagation of Wolbachia between parasitoids was proposed. |
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