Comparison Of Nutritional Strategies Between Siberian Roe Deer And Sika Deer During Winter In The North Of Changbai Mountains,China

From November of 2017 to March of 2018,in Jilin Wangqing National Nature Reserve and the Xiangyang Laoyeling Northeast Tiger National Nature Reserve of the Changbai Mountain,we tracked 8 footprint chains of the Sika Deer(Cervus nippon hortulorum),collected 24 fecal samples,tracked 20 footprint chains of Siberian Roe Deer(Capreolus pygargus)and collected 80 fecal samples.Through the tracking of the footprint chains and the design of the samples,we collected 21 species of edible plants of Sika Deer and Siberian Roe Deer.The food composition of Sika Deer and Siberian Roe Deer was determined by fecal microscopic analysis technique.A total of 312 fecal microscopes were prepared,and 20 observation fields were taken from each lens.A total of 6240 fields of view were observed.Through the analysis of the food composition and food nutrition analysis and nutrition strategy analysis of wild Sika Deer and Siberian Roe Deer in the north of Changbai Mountains,I mainly draw the following findings.1.In the winter,the food of Sika Deer belongs to 9 families,12 genera and 13 species:Tilia amurensis,Sorbaria sorbifolia,Corylus mandshurica,Acer tegmentosum,Betula platyphylla,Syringa reticulata,Pinus koraiensis,Abies nephrolepis Acer mono,Lonicera caerulea,Dryopteris crassirhizom,Carex,Bryophyte.The food Siberian Roe Deer belongs to 14 families,17 genera and 18 species:Euonymus verrucosus,Populus davidiana,Equisetum hyemale,Salix caprea,Alnus cremastogyne,Deyeuxia angustifolia,Lonicera maackii,Syringa villosa,Tilia amurensis,Sorbaria sorbifolia,Corylus mandshurica,Acer tegmentosum,Betula platyphylla,Abies nephrolepis,Acer mono,Dryopteris crassirhizom,Car ex,Bryophyte.There is a certain overlap between feeding plants of Sika Deer and Siberian Roe Deer.Overlapping plant species accounted for 84.62%of the total sika deer feeding plants,and 61.11%of the total carp eating plants.There are two kinds of plants that Sika Deer eat more than 20%,which are Acer tegmentosum and Abies nephrolepis,the sum of the two is 52%.Plants with the highest proportion of Siberian Roe Deer account for 18%of total food,while plants with a ratio of 4%to 8%of the food account for 50%of the total food.2.Calculating the Shannon-Werner diversity index,niche breadth,evenness and niche overlap index of Sika Deer and Siberian Roe Deer,the Shannon-Werner diversity index,niche breadth,evenness of Siberian Roe Deer are higher than the index of Sika Deer,niche overlap index of Sika Deer and Siberian Roe Deer is 0.996.3.I analyzed Nutrient Contents of Feeding Plants of Siberian Sika Deer and Siberian Roe Deer.For food of Sika Deer,the crude fat content is 6.19%±1.3%,the crude protein content is 5.76%±0.02%,the neutral detergent fiber content is 70.3%±11.6%,the acid detergent fiber content is 55.5%±8.2%,and the acid washing lignin content.18.27%±4.29%,ash content 3.15%±3.8%,tannin content 0.076%±0.065%.For food of Siberian Roe Deer,the crude fat content is 6.03%±1%,the crude protein content is 5.32%±2.2%,the neutral detergent fiber content is 71.36%±8.82%,the acid detergent fiber content is 56.31%±6.61%,and the acid washing lignin content is 17.73%±5.77%.Ash content 3.44%±3.9%,tannin content 0.096%±0.16%.4.Using nutrient geometry model to analyze the balance of main nutrients in feeding foods of Sika Deer and Siberian Roe Deer.The relative percentage of crude protein in the diet of Sika deer is about 7.43%,the relative percentage of crude fat is about 7.89%,and the average percentage of neutral detergent fiber is about 84.68%.The relative percentage of crude protein in Siberian Roe Deer is about 6.81%,the relative percentage of crude fat is about 7.45%,and the average percentage of neutral detergent fiber is about 85.74%.Sika Deer tends to choose foods that contain higher protein and fat,and Siberian Roe Deer tends to choose foods that contain higher neutral detergent fiber.5.The nutrition strategy analysis of Sika Deer and Siberian Roe Deer showed that the content of crude fat,acid washing lignin and ash in the food and food choice of Sika Deer were positively correlated,and the relevant degree is crude fat content>acidic washing lignin content>ash content.There was a negative correlation between the content of neutral detergent fiber and hemicellulose in food and food.Siberian Roe Deer food intake is positively correlated with crude fat in food and negatively correlated with crude protein content in food.