Inhibition Of Arabidopsis Thaliana Root Growth By 1-Penten-3-One

l-penten-3-one is a kind of volatile small molecule ketone substance induced by insect feeding,because it contains the structure of ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl group,it plays an important role in the direct and indirect defense reaction of plants.Previous studies on the effect of 1-penten-3-one mainly focused on its effect on plant resistance to insects,but the effect on plant root morphogenesis was still lacking.Studies have shown that the small molecule volatile gas 1-penten-3-one can inhibit the root growth of Arabidopsis thaliana,but the early signal transduction pathway of the root tip response to 1-penten-3-one needs to be improved,and the effect of I-penten-3-one on lateral root growth has not been reported.In this study,Arabidopsis thaliana and related mutants were used as experimental materials,and the specific mechanism of 1-penten-3-one inhibiting root length and lateral root growth of Arabidopsis thaliana was studied by using fluorescence real-time quantitative PCR,non-damage microscopy,laser confocal microscopy,molecular biology and other technical means.The main research results are as follows:1.1-penten-3-one fumigation treatment can inhibit root length and lateral root growth of Arabidopsis thaliana.The average root length and lateral root density of Arabidopsis thaliana treated with 1-penten-3-one were significantly lower than those treated with methanol.NADPH oxidase related mutant rbohd and rbohf,IAA transport related mutant pin1 and pin2 and witchweed lactone signaling pathways related mutant max2-1 by 1-penten-3-one fumigation processing,lateral root growth inhibition have different degrees of weakening,H2O2,IAA,SLs in 1-penten-3-one play a role in the inhibition mechanism of lateral root growth.The inhibitory effect of 1-penten-3-one on root growth is related to the action of ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl.2.The primary signal events induced by 1-penten-3-one in the root tips of Arabidopsis thaliana include transmembrane H+,Ca2+efflux and H2O2 transmembrane flow.H2O2 activates the intracellular calcium pool to release Ca2+ into the cytoplasm through some mechanism.The intracellular Ca2+ cannot exist in the cell for a long time and is discharged by the calcium pump,meanwhile,Ca2+ mediates the efflux of H+in the upstream of H+,H+can provide proton driving force for the internal flow of IAA and mediate the internal flow of IAA.3.After the fumigation of Arabidopsis thaliana plants with 1-penten-3-one,at first,H2O2 affects the synthesis and transport of IAA through a certain way and regulates the production of IAA;IAA further promoted SLs synthesis and related gene expression of signal pathway,and increased SLs content in root system.The mutual regulation of the three factors ultimately inhibited the root growth and development of Arabidopsis thaliana.This paper revealed the early mechanism of 1-pentene-3-one inhibiting root growth in Arabidopsis,including primary signal response and regulation of gene expression,providing reference for further exploring the mechanism of 1-pentene-3-one inhibiting root growth in Arabidopsis.1-pentene-3-one can induce insect resistance in plants,and can be used as a inducer to prevent and control insect pests,regulate insect populations,reduce insect hazards,and protect beneficial organisms,ultimately maintain ecological balance,which has potential application value.