| This study used the remote sensing technology to interpret the hydrogeological and environmental geological conditions of topography and geomorphology,surface water and groundwater distribution and geological environment in Beitun Region,Xinjiang.The remote sensing data were obtained by Landsat TM and ZY-3 in 1994 and 2012,respectively.Hydrogeologiy and environmental geology data were obtained through the processing,interpretation and analysis of two terms remote sensing data,which provided reference for determining various environmental geological parameters,drafting environmental geological maps and studying environmental geological problems.At the same time,the two terms data were used to analyze the changes of desertification,salinization,vegetation eco-environment and land use in 18 years(1994~2012),and study the driving force of its change.The research results provided technical reference for land development and utilization and ecological environment protection,and provided a base for investigation and research work of regional hydrogeology and environmental geology.The main conclusions were as follows:(1)The geomorphological type of the study area was dominated by the alluvial diluvial plain,and the area is 942.70km~2,accounting for 70.15%of the total area of the study area.The river terraces were distributed along the Erqis River,and the southwestern part of the study area was mainly denudation monadnock,and small amount of eroded low hills were distributed in the northwest and northeast.The table mounrain was distributed in the southeastern part of Beitun Town.(2)The area of surface water increased from 127.49 km~2 to 135.58 km~2 from 1994 to2012,which was mainly due to the increase of reservoir and pond area.Most of the depth of unconfined groundwater was 1~2m in the study area,and the depth of unconfined groundwater was 2~3m in denudation monadnock and the table mountain area,and the groundwater depth was generally greater than 3m in the wasteland,the highland area and the eroded low hills area.(3)Soil salinization and desertification were the main ecological problems in the study area,and the area increased by 171.51 km~2.The degree of soil desertification presented the trend of improvement from 1994 to 2012,and the area reduced by 171.51 km~2.The areas of improvement in desertification were mainly distributed in the eastern and southeastern part of the study area,and most of the new areas were cultivated land.The degree of salinization presented the trend of slight extension,the salinization degree of 50%of the salinization land had been changed,and the area increased by 171.48 km~2(4)Vegetation had been improved in most areas of the study area in 18 years.Significant degraded areas of vegetation were scattered in some parts of the southern part of Beitun Town.Significant improved areas of vegetation were mainly distributed in the alluvial diluvial plain,the Erqis River coastal and parts of the surrounding areas of the reservoirs and swamp.The vegetation was basically unchanged in the rest of the study area.(5)The area of cultivated land increased greatly after 18 years of development,and the area increased by 123.12 km~2.The garden area increased by 1.51 km~2,and the area of grassland decreased by 23.19 km~2,the area of woodland decreased by 8.81 km~2.The area of land for the urban and rural,and industrial and mining,increased by 17.45 km~2,and the transportation increased by 5.28 km~2.The other land types decreased the most,the area reduced from 498.82 km~2 to 372.35 km~2 from 1994 to 2012,and most of them were converted to cultivated land. |
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