Research On The Land Transportation Conditions And Its Influence In The Belt And Road Area Based On Volunteered Geographic Information

Analysis on the road network is the basis for implementing the connectivity projects during the Initiative for the Belt and Road.The Belt and Road conforms to the trend of global economic globalization,integration,multi-polarization,and informatization.It is implicated in the vigorous development of the Asia-Pacific economic circles and developed European economic circles,driving the economic development of the intermediate countries.China and the countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt jointly set up six major international economic cooperation corridors: China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor,New Eurasian Continental Bridge Economic Corridor,China-Central Asia-West Asia Economic Corridor,China-Indochina Peninsula Economic Corridor,Bangladesh-China-Indian-Myanmar Economic Corridor,and China-Pakistan Economic Corridor.Under the new circumstances,it is of great practical significance to promote regional cooperation and economic development through the construction of transport infrastructure along the Silk Road economic belt.Volunteered Geographic Information is the product of big data.It is widely used by various authorities and academic institutions with the advantages of high abundance,strong timeliness,and completely free of charge.Based on the OpenStreetMap(OSM)road network data of the Eurasian continental,the road network density with 1 km resolution and weighted road network density with 10 km resolution were calculated by Matrix Laboratory programming and Geographic Information System(GIS)spatial analysis techniques,and the spatial pattern of urban accessibility for the six economic corridors were studied by Geographic Information System(GIS)spatial analysis techniques.This study of road network density and urban accessibility improved the understanding of detailed road distribution,figured out the undeveloped area of road in the Belt and Road,and provided a fundamental theory and support for improving the land infrastructure construction of the Belt and Road economic corridor,improving inter-regional accessibility,trade efficiency,and further road network research.In this study,the following results have been obtained:(1)This study produces public datasets of 1 km resolution road network density and 10 km resolution weighted road network density in Asia and Europe,filling up the blank in research on the fine-scale aspects of road research,and increasing the understanding of road distribution.(2)There was an imbalance in the development of Land Transportation over the Belt and Road.The road network density and weighted road network density were higher in coastal areas than that in the inland areas.(3)Central Asia,West Asia and Indo-china Peninsula became the backward areas,which limit the integration of the resources and the smooth flow of trade in the Silk Road Economic Belt.It is suggested that at the same time as the construction of a new transnational road and railway,the existing old roads should be widened,reinforced,and upgraded.(4)The spatial distribution of urban accessibility in the six economic corridors showed an obvious interval pattern,and 83% of regions are within 10 h.The accessibility is centered on the economically developed and populated urban agglomerations,and the outward radiation weakens.(5)The construction of the road resulted in the fragmentation of the natural landscape,which has an impact on the integrity of the ecosystem.The larger the fragmentation is,the smaller the impact of the road on landscape fragmentation.In addition,the impact rate of roads on landscape fragmentation is over 10% in some fragile ecosystems,such as the scrubs,arid steppe and other fragile ecosystems in China-Central Asia-West Asia Economic Corridor and the New Eurasian Continental Bridge Economic Corridor.