| This paper took mangrove wetland of Bamen port in Wenchang of Hainan Province as the object of research and comprehensively analyzed the temporal and spatial variation of land use in the Bamen Bay mangrove wetland from 1964 to 1988 and from 1988 to 2015 and Land use level in 1964,1972,1988,2000,2009,2015,and analyse the landscape dynamic changes of research region using land transfer matrix and 10 kinds of relevant landscape index.The influence degree of human activities on land use change was revealed,and the fragmentation process of mangrove wetland landscape in bamen bay was analyzed quantitatively,which provided a theoretical basis for ecological protection of mangrove wetland area in Bamen port.The results was as follows:(1)The built-up area and surface area of raising water in Bamen port increased by 7.72%and 12.55% from 1964-2015,respectively.At the same time,the proportion of cultivated land,forest land and mangrove area decreased by 7.01%,9.16 %,and 9.74%,respectively.(2)The number of plaque in the study area increased 685 and the average patch area was reduced by 39.12%,the degree of polymerization decreased by 3.5%,the largest patch area was 28.38%,and CONTAG decreased by 9.26% from 1964 to 2015.During the same period,the mean patch shape fragmentation index and area-weighted average shape fragmentation index increased by 0.0148 and 0.0207 respectively and the plaque density increased from0.0653/hm2 in 1964 to 0.1073/hm2 in 2015.(3)The land use dynamic index of Bamen port was 6.27(1964-1988),9.35(1988-2015).The rate of mangrove area reduction increased from 10.5% to 2.10%.In addition,The rate of built-up area and raised surface area growth increased from 3.61% and 6.29% to 7.15% and6.97 respectively.(4)The direction of land use type metastasis was that the mangrove area converted to raised surface area and accounted for 81.6% between 1964 and 2015.(5)Comprehensive index of land use degree of the research was 246.58,248.63,252.21,255.96,256.61,259.13 respectively in 1964,1972,1988,2000,2009,2015,which could prove that the enhancement of human activity ability affected the natural environment.(6)The comprehensive change index of land use degree in the two periods of time in the region was 5.63 and 6.92,respectively.the index showed an increasing trend,but the increase was not significant.thanks to the government returning farmland to forest,mangrove forest was effectively protected by environmental protection measures.(7)The relationship between the land use / cover changes as well as their surrounding lands and landscape fragmentation in Bamen port mangrove wetland was mainly reflected in the influences of aquaculture water surface and construction land area on the study area landscape fragmentation index.The influences of the changes of aquaculture water surface and construction land area on the landscape fragmentation process was mainly reflected in the degree of polymerization,the number of plaques and the role of CONTAG.Among them,the influences of the changes of aquaculture water surface area on the landscape fragmentation process was mainly reflected in the encroachment of mangrove area,which resulted in that the proportion of the mangrove area accounted for the total area of the research area increased from 15% to 5.25%,and the mangrove forest from large area continuous concentration to small area isolated distribution.The influences of the changes of construction land area on the landscape fragmentation process was mainly reflected in the rapid development of the city and the construction of transportation facilities. |
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