Study On Bird Diversity In Xinxiang Yellow River Wetland

Monitoring resource regularly in the protection area is a major basis and effective way for the management department to develop protective measurements.Xinxiang Yellow River Wetland Bird National Nature Reserve is located in Fengqiu and Changyuan County,northeast of Xinxiang City in Henan Province,which is an important stopover station for birds' migration.Due to the area is located in densely populated areas in the inland plain,the reserve is facing a variety of damaging and threatening factors.Combined with the global climate warming,the diversity of birds in the reserve is changing.From January 2015 to December 2017,in order to explore the diversity of bird in the reserve,the methods of sample line,fixed-point observation and inquiries were adopted to research the species,quantity,floristic composition in different habitat of birds community structure and the wintering ecology of great bustard.The results are as follows:(1)Bird species: There are 114 species of bird species found in the reserve,among which 2 species are Class I protected and 17 species are Class II protected.And the birds listed in the Sino-Japanese,Sino-Australian migratory bird's protection agreement were 58 species and 12 species,respectively.(2)Floristic composition: Among the 114 species of birds in the natural reserve,the Palaearctic 26 species,accounting for 54.39% of the total number were the most,followed by the widely species,totally 36 species accounting for 31.58%,besides,there are only 16 Oriental species occupying 14.04%.The Palaearctic species show clear advantages,which is in line with the geographical location of the subregion of the North China Plain in Palaearctic area.(3)Diversity index of different habitat types: Due to the complex composition of habitat,village farmland can provide habitat environment for many kinds of birds,so the G and F indexes of this kind of habitat are higher.However,due to the single habitat composition and large disturbance,providing habitat for wild goose duck only in winter,so both species diversity indexes are low.The wetland area may be able to accommodate more birds in this habitat owing to its environmental characteristics.Wetland water area have a rich source of food and good refuge environment,therefore,there are a lot of birds in this habitat.And there are a lot of birds in the wasteland grass in autumn,the quantity of which is also very high.(4)The wintering ecology of great bustard: The great bustard migrate to the Xinxiang Yellow River Wetland in the early November every year.The earliest arrival time is November 8,2015,while the latest arrival time is November 19,2016.In mid-March next year,they moved out of the reserve to the breeding grounds.The area with the largest number of the great bustard is north of Tai Liu Temple,followed by south of Tai Liu Temple,Nianzhuang,south of Qinglong Lake and south of East Zhang Zhuang,north of Dian Ji Cun,south of Ding Zhuang and north of Shunhe Cun,where the areas are flat and open with large area of wheat field,and it is also nearer to the water source,farther away from the village,where the human disturbance is relatively little.It is beneficial to the great bustard to discover the enemy and transfer to safe place in time.The number of the great bustard is on the rise in mid-November to early December each year,and the number reaches its peak in early December.The number gradually decreased from mid-January to March.Bustard's foraging grounds are rich in food.The two foraging peaks are from 8:00 to 10:00 in the morning and from 14:00 to 16:00 in the afternoon,mainly to peck the wheat for food.When flying long distances,the formation is roughly a V,W,or oblique "line" shape.(5)Protective suggestions: The Xinxiang Yellow River Wetland Bird National Nature Reserve is located in a densely populated area in China's inland plains.With the development of the economy and the increase of population,it is facing multiple threats such as urban development,farmland reclamation,environmental pollution and over exploitation,which constituted a greater survival pressure for many birds inhabited in this reserve.Therefore,the local government should do a good job in coordinating environmental protection and economic development,practice the sustainable development road of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.In the mean time,protection departments need to continue to strengthen the protection of Waterfowl Habitat,cracking down and punish the activities of stealing and poaching wild animals in protected areas.Using a variety of platforms to strengthen the propaganda of the wildlife protection law.Encourage surrounding residents to patrol during migratory seasons to prevent the occurrence of harmful bird behavior.