Calcification Response Of Coccolithophores To Eutrophication

Coccolithophores cells are single-cell photosynthesis seaweed algae corals Haptophycea is mostly oceanic single-cell phytoplankton.The coccolithophores species Emiliania huxleyi is the most widely distributed species in the modern ocean.Because they can crush carbon and calcium carbonate(coccolith)through photosynthesis,they have a worldwide curiosity.They are the largest carbon droplets in the world and one of the largest major producers.As the population increases,humans are increasingly dependent on oceans and oceans Ocean for food and life.Therefore,our civilization is increasingly vulnerable the negative impact of the marine system.Information on the interaction of C and N at the cellular level lacks ecologically relevant phytoplankton Species.We studied the effect of availability of NO3-availability on C and N flux in a widely distributed ocean Coccolithophore Emiliania Huxley Harmful algal blooms(HABs),which are natural Phenomenon,having a significant negative impact on fishing production,public health and modern industry Such as tourism.The cells were cultured in sufficient(?280 ?M)and ambient(?10 p,M)N03-.The latter represents the typical surface water nitrate concentration HAB now has an increase in global frequency,scale,and geographic scope in the past few decades.It has been proposed that global change and eutrophication are the main driver's tendency.Therefore,the first part of this article focuses on the environmental conditions Emiliania huxleyi may form a bloom.Using batch culture techniques,increased temperature and nutrient loading(Phosphate and nitrate).Emiliania Huxley(PML B92/11)was also grown in batch culture under nitrogen(N).As a limitation of phosphorus(P)Calcified Carboniferous,Diversified widely distributed a batch of marine microalgae,biological production.The intracellular calcification produced by the coccolith producing plant Emiliania Huxley is regulated by various environmental factors.Calcite in the form of coccoliths on the surface of the cell.Batch incubation using coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi.We explored the reaction this calcification process comes nitrogen and phosphorus concentration by change the amount of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)in the initial medium normal concentration is 1 ppm(parts per million)Growth rate,And particulate organic phosphorus(POP)production.Although the PON output decreased by 96%under the N limit,the POP output decreased by 85%.Under the P limit,the N-rate growth rate drops by 31%and the P-limit rate increases by 26%.Inorganic carbon elements(PIC),organic carbon elements(POC),organic nitrogen elements(PON),POC production 1.5 times increase under N limit,and 3.3 fold increase under P limit and the production of granular organic phosphorus(POP)and paraffin wax Morphological analysis.The yield of PIC increased by 1.2 times under N Limit,and there was no change under P limit the conclusion isReduction of PON production under N restrictions and reduction of POP production under P restrictions represents the physiological response of the cells,and the increase in particle carbon production represents a methodological artifact.In addition,the time dependence obtained UV-Vis and FT-IR Spectroscopy Show nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization enhanced coccolith calcification is accompanied by the crystal phase transformation from calcite to aragonite amorphous phase.It shows that the formation of coccolith is unimpeded with P or N restrictions,the calcification rate maybe.The latter conclusion is obviously contradictory our data.We discuss the reason for this reasoning.