| Clonal architecture reflects clonal plant growth or distribution pattern of plant tissues relations with environmental condition.Clonal architecture was the result that clonal plant adapted environment,and the beginning of further growth.It is meaningful to reveal ecological suitability of clonal plant based on availability of resources,way of resource utilization and phenotypic plasticity of clonal plant that created by water level to research clonal architecture in the marsh wetland.Typha orientalis was perennial emerged plant and persistent root herbs.The T.orientalis can be patchiness that were different area and single dominant species depended on advantages of physiology and morphological plasticity,and powerful ability of acclimation in the marsh wetland.Studying clonal architecture of T.orientalis contributed to understand adaptation mechanism and adaptive strategy of the T.orientalis in the heterogenetic habitat.So three regions were defined as: no water region I(no surface water),shallow water region II(0~35 cm),and deep water region III(35~65 cm)in Zhangye National Wetland Park,and clonal architecture was calculated by Random Walking Model,the relationships between spacer length and rhizome diameter,ramet number,the role of root in the process of clone architecture construction were analyzed by SMA and biological characteristics.The results show that:(1)The clonal architecture of T.orientalis was transition-type(v=0.781)in the no water region(I),phalanx-type(v=0.531)in the shallow water region(II),and guerrilla-type(v=0.944)in the deep water region(III).The shallow water region(II)was found a good shallow water region(II)for T.orientalis by biological characteristics and clonal architecture analysis.(2)Water level significantly affected spacer length,rhizome diameter and ramet number(P < 0.001).The value of spacer length and rhizome diameter was deep water region(III)>no water region(I)>shallow water region(II).The value of ramet number was shallow water region(II)>no water region(I)>deep water region(III).(3)The spacer length and rhizome diameter were positive correlated with each other(P < 0.05),all SMA slopes of the regression equation were approach that 1.0(P < 0.05),and showed equal speed growth.A negative correlation(P < 0.05)was found between spacer length and ramet number of T.angustata populations,all SMA slopes of regression equation were less than-1.0(P < 0.05),and showed allometric growth.(4)The root biomass and rhizome biomass were positive correlated with each other(P < 0.05).The SMA slopes of the regression equation was less than 1.0(P < 0.05)in the no water region(I),more than 1.0(P < 0.05)in the shallow water region(II),and approach that 1.0(P < 0.05)in the deep water region(III).The root biomass and rhizome biomass showed allometric growth in the no water region(I)and shallow water region(II),equal speed growth in the deep water region(III).The root of the T.angustata as important as the rhizome for the process of clone architecture construction with relation analysis and analogical reasoning.Meanwhile resource absorbing was primary mission of root,and clonal growth was primary mission of rhizome in the process of clone architecture construction.(5)Transfer strategy was keeping population densit,avoiding shade,and closing to shallow water region was used by T.angustata in the no water region(I).Development strategy was monopoly regional resources and expanding population was used by T.angustata in the shallow water region(II).But survival strategy was enduring or avoiding adverse environment was used by T.angustata in the deep water region(III).Phenotypic plasticity was a indispensable acquired variation sources for clonal plant`s adaptation and evolution.Majority adaptation mechanisms and adaptive strategies were part of the phenotypic plasticity`s category.The T.angustata was able to adjust clone architecture and tissues plasticity continually to adapt complicated environment in the marsh wetland depended on strong phenotypic plasticity. |
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