Evaluation Of Water Resource Utilization From The Water Footprint Perspective In Sichuan Hilly Region

Water resource is an important and irreplaceable resource which sustains human to survive and develop.Recently,because of the influence of natural and human factors,water resource crisis is becoming more and more serious.Solving the problem of water resources shortage not only need to improve the efficiency of water resources,but also need to improve water management plan.According to water footprint theory,meteorological data and investigation information were used to study dynamic change of water footprint in Cuiping combined with real water and virtual water,local and overseas water,assess the amounts of the constituents including green water,blue water and gray water,and evaluated the co-ordination of supply and demand,and sustainability of regional water resource.The main results are as follows:(1)The total water footprint and dynamic changes.The total water footprint increased overall in Cuiping district from 2006 to 2013.Water footprint reaches the maximum value in 2013,which is 55651.39×104m3,the minimum value is 40984.70×104m3 in 2006.the average annual growth is 4.47%.The proportion of the agricultural water footprint decreased,from 71.38%in 2006 to 53.37%in 2013.The proportion of the industry water footprint increased,from 18.44%in 2006 to 35.92%in 2013.The proportion of the life and ecological water footprint have not changed much.(2)Different "colors" water footprint.The highest proportion of agricultural water footprint is green water footprint,gray water footprint is less,blue water footprint is minimum,respectively 71.33%,16.13%and 12.54%.Green water footprint as a major source of water in the process of crop growth has absolute advantage,so in rain-fed agricultural region,in the lack of irrigation conditions,the green water is very important for water safety and food production safety.The proportion of blue and gray water footprint have little difference,but the gray water footprint slightly higher than the blue water footprint,which is leaded by the pollution of fertilizers and pesticides.In addition,the proportion of gray water footprint is on the decline in 2006 to 2013.(3)The analysis of the balance between supply and demand of water footprint.There is a balance between supply and demand,supply amount is slightly higher than that of water demand in Cuiping district from 2006 to 2013.The lowest gap between the supply and demand of water resources is 86.21×104m3 in the 2011,the highest is 3910.45 ×104m3 in 2012.But with the development of economy and the increase of population,water demand is more and more big,water demand growth has exceeded supply amount growth rate,if keep the existing water resources growth,supply amount will be less than water demand amount and then become a water shortage status.If not take engineering measures to increase supply amount or improve the utilization efficiency of water resources in time,water shortage situation will be more and more serious.(4)The sustainable use evaluation of water footprint.The lowest of water resources import dependence is 0.05%,the highest is 1.28%,water resources self-sufficiency rate is between 98.72%to 99.95%,external dependence is very small,the area can completely self-sufficient.The situation of Water resource utilization efficiency is not optimistic:the million tons of water footprint population density and water footprint land increased year by year,indicates that per unit Water consumption increased.At the same time,water pressure is still rising year by year,from 75.89%in 2006 to 94.72%in 2013.The water resources sustainable index decrease,from 2.87%in 2006 to 1.05%in 2013,water resources sustainable utilization is poor,hope the relevant departments pay attention to the aspect.(5)The suggestion of the sustainable use of water footprint.According to current situation of water resource utilization and the existing problems,put forward the following four suggestions:The first,changing the strategy of water resources,control virtual water output moderately;The second,developing water-saving agriculture,strengthen the optimization allocation of water resources;The third modify the industrial structure,control the scale of high water and high pollution industries;The fourth improving the public's awareness of protection and saving water resources.