Comparation Of Morphological Traits And Locomotor Performance Of Different Paternity Offsprings Of Shinisaurus Crocodilurus

Shinisaurus crocodilurus commonly known as the sleeping snake,the underdog and the small cairica,belonging to Shiniasuridae and Shinisaurus,is the first class protected species in China and included in CITES-appendix ? in 1989.It is a primitive reptile residued in south China in late quaternary glacial and has important scientific value in evolutionary and systematic biology.In order to further understand the reproductive strategy and sexual selection of Shinisaurus crocodilurus,and provide theoretical basis for expanding the population of Shinisaurus crocodilurus,we used microsatellite genetic marker to study the kinship of Shinisaurus crocodilurus,compare the morphological trait and locomotor performance of the different male Shinisaurus crocodilurus and their offspring,and understand the reproductive competition of male Shinisaurus crocodilurus.The main results of the study as following:1.The multiple paternity of Shinisaurus crocodilurusWe used 11 microsatellite loci to study the kinship of 160 Shinisaurus crocodilurus,67 alleles were detected in 11 microsatellite loci and the average number of alleles was 6.091.The range of observed heterozygosity was 0.327-0.756 and the average was 0.570,the range of excepted heterozygosity was 0.293-0.844 and the average was 0.605,the range of polymorphism information content was 0.251-0.828 and the average was 0.362.The kinship of 50 young Shinisaurus crocodilurus was identified among 53 young Shinisaurus crocodilurus,including 11 clutches and 4 clutches existing multiple paternity.2.The compare of the morphological trait of single and multiple paternity male Shinisaurus crocodilurus and their offspringIndependent samples T-test results show that the weight(t=4.638,p=0.001),SVL(t=3.939,p=0.002),TW(t=2.403,p=0.035),individual state(weight/SVL)(t=3.568,p=0.004)of single paternity male are significantly higher than that of multiple paternity male,however,the HL,HH,HW and TL between single and multiple paternity male Shinisaurus crocodilurus are not significantly different(p>0.05).Independent samples T-test results show that the weight(t=3.649,p=0.004),SVL(t=2.603,p=0.025),the growth rate of weight(t=2.330,p=0.040),individual state(weight/SVL)(t=3.119,p=0.010)of single paternity young lizard are significantly higher than that of multiple paternity young lizard,however,the others are not significantly different(p>0.05).Analyzing the correlation of morphological trait between the young lizard and their male parent,the results show that the weight(r=0.592,F1,11=5.941,p=0.033),SVL(r=0.577,F1.11=5.481,p=0.039)of the young lizard have respectively significant correlation with the weight,SVL of their male parent,the linear equations are respectively y=0.0158x+2.1585 and y=0.1237x+33.3190.However,the other morphological traits between the young lizard and their male parent have not significant correlation,including HL,HW,HH,TL and TW(p>0.05).3.The compare of the locomotor performance of single and multiple paternity male Shinisaurus crocodilurus and their offspringThe young lizard's speed has significant correlation with their male parent's(r=0.592,F1,11=5.920,p=0.033),the linear equation is y=0.6699x+0.2]28,however,the pause times(r=-0.231,F1,11=0.621,p=0.447)and the maximum distance of continuous locomotion(r=0.530,F1,11=0.010,p=0.992)between the young lizard and their male parent have not significant correlation.The young lizard's speed has significant correlation with their weight(r=0.621,F1,11=6.910,p=0.023),SVL(r=0.572,F1,11=5.340,p=0.041)and TL(r=0.572,F1,11=5.340,p=0.041),the linear equations are respectively y=0.0951 x-0.0051,y=0.0211x-0.6778 and y=0.0149x-0.6348,has not significant correlation with others(p>0.05),the pause times and the maximum distance of continuous locomotion have not significant correlation with morphological traits(p>0.05).The speed(t=2.632,p=0.023)and the maximum distance of continuous locomotion(t=3.071,p=0.011)of single paternity young lizard are significantly higher than that of multiple paternity young lizard,however,the pause times(t=-0,266,p=0.795)has not significant different.The male's speed has significant correlation with their weight(r=0.717,F1,11?1.613,p=0.006)and SVL(r=0.770,F1,11=16.071,p=0.002),the linear equations are respectively y=0.0043x+0.1686 and y=0.0076x-0.5727,has not significant correlation with others(p>0.05),the pause times and the maximum distance of continuous locomotion have not significant correlation with morphological traits(p>0.05).The speed(t=2.653,p=0.022)of single paternity male is significantly higher than that of multiple paternity male,however,the pause times(t=0.299,p=0.770)and the maximum distance of continuous locomotion(t=1.207,p=0.253)have not significant different.The above results show that single paternity male Shinisaurus crocodilurus and their offspring is significantly higher than multiple paternity male Shinisaurus crocodilurus and their offspring in morphological trait and locomotor performance,suggesting that the advantageous male parent is not shared reproductive resources with other males in the competition producing single paternity,however,when several males which have no obvious advantage mate with the female parent,it will produce multiple paternity.On the one hand,the reproductive strategy of Shinisaurus crocodilurus makes the advantageous gene retained maximally,on the other hand,it also makes the breed individuals have the opportunity to participate in breeding,maintaining genetic diversity and promoting population growth maximally.