A Study On The Formation Mechanism Of Welfare Rigidity In The Context Of Welfare Contraction TAO—Taking The Basic Old Age Insurance For Workers As An Example

Welfare rigidity usually refers to the psychological expectation that people only allow their welfare to rise but not decrease.At the same time,this kind of social psychology makes the social welfare system lack the flexibility of downward adjustment.In general,the scale of welfare can only be expanded rather than reduced,the items of welfare can only be increased and not reduced,and the level of welfare can only be increased but not reduced,which is called welfare rigidity.When the economy goes down and the government cuts welfare benefits,individuals or strata will have a sense of relative deprivation,which will lead to welfare protest behavior and highlight the risk of welfare rigidity.At present,the economy of our country has entered into the new normal,and the economic growth is L-type.The welfare contraction may become the main reform direction in the field of pension insurance in the future,so we should pay attention to the prevention of the rigid risk of welfare.At present,the analysis of welfare rigid risk and the formation mechanism and trend of welfare rigid risk are not enough.Therefore,based on the meaning of basic pension insurance for urban workers and the type of universal participation,it is necessary to study the influence factors and formation mechanism of the basic pension insurance welfare rigidity of urban workers under the new normal economic background.This paper discusses the formation mechanism of the rigid risk of basic pension insurance benefits of urban workers by means of literature study,case analysis and regression analysis.First of all,the article reviews the literature on welfare rigidity and finds that the welfare system environment,welfare system arrangements,social psychology and welfare appeals are the influencing factors of welfare rigidity.Analyze the background of the new normal economy,and found that it will affect the tightening reform of basic pension insurance benefits for urban workers,and based on which,themechanism for the formation of basic endowment insurance benefits and welfare risks for urban workers under welfare tightening is discussed.Secondly,the paper analyzes the four factors of welfare rigidity formation mechanism at home and abroad.Six domestic and foreign cases are analyzed to prove the formation mechanism of welfare rigid risk,which are crisis of the welfare state triggered the reform of the pension insurance system in the United Kingdom,the European debt crisis triggered the reform of the Greek pension insurance system,the reform of the French fragmented pension insurance system,and the extension of the retirement age in China's urban employees' basic pension insurance area,and increase the payment period and reduce the pension replacement rate.Thirdly,by using factor analysis and regression model,the author analyzes the factors that affect the formation mechanism of the rigid risk of basic pension insurance benefits for urban workers.First of all,four influencing factors are obtained,which are institutional environment high risk,institutional unfair identity and low willingness to reform through factor analysis.Then,the author chooses welfare protest as dependent variable and four influencing factors as independent variables to carry out binary regression analysis.Finally,it is found that the stronger the perception of high risk in institutional environment is,the greater the probability of welfare protest and the greater the probability of the occurrence of rigid risk of welfare.Finally,the author puts forward some policy suggestions to weaken the rigid risk of urban workers' basic pension insurance benefits,such as developing the multi-pillar security system,paying attention to the function of enterprise annuity and family pension,perfecting the method of calculating and issuing pension benefits and strengthening the incentive mechanism for overpaying and receiving more;condensing the consensus of reform to reform shabby with interest pattern;strengthening the publicity of public opinion and guide the public to reasonably anticipate;strengthening the supervision of fund investment and reduce investment risks to explore the sustainable development of the urban workers basic pension insurance system.